[u' @inproceedings{gomez-carmona_employee_2024, address = {Osaka, Japan}, title = {Employee {Perceptions} of {Privacy} and {Data} {Control} in {Workplace} {Wellness} e- {Health} {Programs}}, copyright = {https://doi.org/10.15223/policy-029}, isbn = {9798350376968}, url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10633379/}, doi = {10.1109/COMPSAC61105.2024.00323}, abstract = {The adoption of IoT technology to improve wellness and health awareness in workplace environments is increasingly vital. However, the acceptance of such e-health interventions largely depends on employees\u2019 perceptions of their value versus the privacy and security risks associated with data usage. Hence, addressing these concerns is paramount for fostering trust and ensuring the successful integration of technology. For this reason, this work explores the critical role of privacy in the workplace and examines how concepts of data control and ownership can improve the acceptance and effectiveness of IoT solutions. Leveraging insights from an online questionnaire with 524 participants from European countries, the obtained \ufb01ndings contribute to the existing literature by expanding the understanding of data control in workplace contexts and providing valuable insights for designing IoT-mediated e-health interventions that effectively address employees\u2019 privacy concerns.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2024-08-29}, booktitle = {2024 {IEEE} 48th {Annual} {Computers}, {Software}, and {Applications} {Conference} ({COMPSAC})}, publisher = {IEEE}, author = {G\xf3mez-Carmona, Oihane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego and Garc\xeda-Zubia, Javier}, month = jul, year = {2024}, pages = {2020--2025}, } ']

[u' @inproceedings{puerta-beldarrain_human-ai_2023, address = {Cham}, title = {Human-{AI} {Collaboration} to {Promote} {Trust}, {Engagement} and {Adaptation} in the {Process} of {Pro}-environmental and {Health} {Behaviour} {Change}}, volume = {594}, isbn = {978-3-031-21332-8 978-3-031-21333-5}, url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-031-21333-5_38}, abstract = {A necessary step in the digitalization of our environments is to include the users in the decision loop, following a more human-centric paradigm. Such an aproach will make their interactions with surrounding technology closer to them. Therefore, there is a recurrent need in contemporary technological solutions to create proposals to assist users in a way that is not exclusive to them and makes them feel integrated into the intelligent system. In fact, this is particularly relevant when the proposed technology or system aims to nudge users to form, shape, or change their daily behaviours. In essence, solutions designed for assisting users in that matter need to consider the inclusion of humans in the learning/decision loop and still the literature in the field is scarce. In this work, we identify and address three crucial human requirements that this technology has to integrate to promote a comfortable and long-term use of technology for the effective assistance of behaviour change: trust, engagement, and adaptation. Besides, we propose a collaborative workflow based on hybrid intelligent systems to cover the lack of human requirements and needs of traditional approaches. In essence, this work aims to shed light on how to promote closer collaboration between humans and intelligent agents for behaviour change under the principle that people should not be treated as mere users of technologies and services, but their behaviour should become one of the critical levers for designing and using technologies. That is, creating a closer interaction between these technologies and people.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2022-11-28}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {International} {Conference} on {Ubiquitous} {Computing} \\& {Ambient} {Intelligence} ({UCAmI} 2022)}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, author = {Puerta-Beldarrain, Maite and G\xf3mez-Carmona, Oihane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, year = {2023}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-21333-5_38}, note = {Series Title: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems}, pages = {381--392}, } ']

[u' @article{gomez-carmona_mind_2023, title = {Mind the gap: {The} {AURORAL} ecosystem for the digital transformation of smart communities and rural areas}, volume = {74}, issn = {0160791X}, shorttitle = {Mind the gap}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0160791X23001094}, doi = {10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102304}, abstract = {Rural areas play a crucial role in addressing challenges related to climate change, food provision, biomass, and energy. At the same time, digital solutions have proven essential in improving safety, quality of life, and resil\xad ience in daily life. However, the lower population density and the lack of digital infrastructure in such rural areas make it difficult to develop technology-driven private businesses and public services. This can negatively impact socio-economic indicators and hinder the development of new services to cover peoples\u2019 needs. For this reason, in this document, we seek to provide a stronger focus on rural regions in digitalization efforts and create new opportunities for rural communities. For that, we analyze the barriers and needs of the rural environment and present AURORAL, a digital service platform designed to meet the needs and contexts of rural areas. This ecosystem, comprising sustainable and multi-interoperable apps and services, can help communities succeed in innovation and smart transformation, providing the necessary infrastructure to facilitate long-lasting social, environmental, and economic benefits by prioritizing openness, interoperability, and decentralization. On the principle that the full potential of these technologies can only be realized when they are integrated into societal and economic activity and organization, AURORAL aims to promote economic growth and digitalization in the rural domain and contribute to bridging the digital divide between rural and urban areas.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2023-07-12}, journal = {Technology in Society}, author = {G\xf3mez-Carmona, Oihane and Buj\xe1n-Carballal, David and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego and Cano-Benito, Juan and Cimmino, Andrea and Poveda-Villal\xf3n, Mar\xeda and Garc\xeda-Castro, Ra\xfal and Almela-Miralles, Jorge and Apostolidis, Dimitris and Drosou, Anastasios and Tzovaras, Dimitrios and Wagner, Martin and Guadalupe-Rodriguez, Mar\xeda and Salinas, Diego and Esteller, David and Riera-Rovira, Mart\xed and Gonz\xe1lez, Arnau and Clavijo-\xc1greda, Jaime and D\xedez-Frias, Alberto and Bocanegra-Y\xe1\xf1ez, Mar\xeda Del Carmen and Pedro-Henriques, Rui and Ferreira-Nunes, Elsa and Lux, Marian and Bujalkova, Nikol}, month = aug, year = {2023}, keywords = {IF9.2, Internet of Things, Q1, Rural Areas, intelligent environments}, pages = {102304}, } ']

[u' @inproceedings{rodriguez-barbara_street_2022, address = {Limassol Cyprus}, title = {The {Street} as a {Reflective} {Space} to {Increase} {Citizen} {Awareness} of {Social} {Justice} in the {Fashion} {Industry}}, isbn = {978-1-4503-9284-6}, url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3524458.3547249}, doi = {10.1145/3524458.3547249}, language = {en}, urldate = {2022-09-08}, booktitle = {Conference on {Information} {Technology} for {Social} {Good}}, publisher = {ACM}, author = {Rodr\xedguez-Barbar\xe1, Eduardo and G\xf3mez-Carmona, Oihane and Ferrer, Air\xed and G\xf3mez-Fortes, Braulio and Kados, Szilard A. and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego and Casado-Mansilla, Diego}, month = sep, year = {2022}, keywords = {Fashion Revolution, Interaction Design, Interactive kiosk, Internet of Things}, pages = {276--282}, } ']

[u' @article{gomez-carmona_optimizing_2022, title = {Optimizing {Computational} {Resources} for {Edge} {Intelligence} {Through} {Model} {Cascade} {Strategies}}, volume = {9}, issn = {2327-4662, 2372-2541}, url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9564246/}, doi = {10.1109/JIOT.2021.3118845}, abstract = {As the number of interconnected devices increases and more arti\ufb01cial intelligence (AI) applications upon the Internet of Things (IoT) start to \ufb02ourish, so does the environmental cost of the computational resources needed to send and process all the generated data. Therefore, promoting the optimization of AI applications is a key factor for the sustainable development of IoT solutions. Paradigms such as Edge Computing are progressively proposed as a solution in the IoT \ufb01eld, becoming an alternative to delegate all the computation to the Cloud. However, bringing the computation to the local stage is limited by the resources\u2019 availability of the devices hosted at the Edge of the network. For this reason, this work presents an approach that simpli\ufb01es the complexity of supervised learning algorithms at the Edge. Speci\ufb01cally, it separates complex models into multiple simpler classi\ufb01ers forming a cascade of discriminative models. The suitability of this proposal in a human activity recognition (HAR) context is assessed by comparing the performance of three different variations of this strategy. Furthermore, its computational cost is analyzed in several resource-constrained Edge devices in terms of processing time. The experimental results show the viability of this approach to outperform other ensemble methods, i.e., the Stacking technique. Moreover, it substantially reduces the computational cost of the classi\ufb01cation tasks by more than 60\\% without a signi\ufb01cant accuracy loss (around 3.5\\%). This highlights the potential of this strategy to reduce resource and energy requirements in IoT architectures and promote more ef\ufb01cient and sustainable classi\ufb01cation solutions.}, language = {en}, number = {10}, urldate = {2022-07-20}, journal = {IEEE Internet of Things Journal}, author = {Gomez-Carmona, Oihane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Lopez-de-Ipina, Diego and Garcia-Zubia, Javier}, month = may, year = {2022}, keywords = {Edge Computing, IF9.471, Q1, embedded system}, pages = {7404--7417}, } ']

[u" @inproceedings{lopez-de-ipina_collaborative_2022, title = {A {Collaborative} {Environment} to {Boost} {Co}-{Production} of {Sustainable} {Public} {Services}}, doi = {10.23919/SpliTech55088.2022.9854297}, abstract = {Government scholars claim that co-production might be the key to evolve towards more citizen-centric and sustainable public services. This paper describes the work carried out within the European H2020 project INTERLINK towards devising a co-production environment to democratize and boost the collaborative co-design and co-delivery of public services and to foster the reuse of a continuous growing plethora of public services' building blocks (INTERLIKERs). The evaluation strategy to assess the provided co-production environment in 3 cross-European pilots is designed to understand the perceived quality of digitally co-produced public services and its influence on their acceptance and trust among civil servants, citizens and other stakeholders.}, booktitle = {2022 7th {International} {Conference} on {Smart} and {Sustainable} {Technologies} ({SpliTech})}, author = {L\xf3pez-De-Ipi\xf1a, Diego and Badiola, Julen and Silva, Daniel Andr\xe9s and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Not, Elena and Leonardi, Chiara and Ortiz-de-Guinea, Ana and Porto, Igone}, month = jul, year = {2022}, keywords = {Collaboration, Europe, Government, Open API, Stakeholders, building block, co-production, enabler, quality-assurance, schemas}, pages = {1--6}, } "]

[u' @inproceedings{gomez-carmona_addressing_2022, address = {Split / Bol, Croatia}, title = {Addressing {Objective} and {Subjective} {Indicators} of {Comfort} in {Educational} {Environments}}, url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9854272/}, doi = {10.23919/SpliTech55088.2022.9854272}, abstract = {The environmental conditions that impact comfort in educational settings can affect the quality of teaching and the students\u2019 performance. Thus, reaching sustainable learning environments goes through addressing which conditions affect this comfort and how students perceive them. For this reason, this work aims to contribute to a better understanding of the socioenvironmental factors that drive comfort in educational environments and evaluating their objective and subjective perspectives of them. In this regard, a proof-of-concept of an intelligent system for comfort measurement in educational environments is presented. This multi-modal system consists of two parts: (i) an environmental condition monitoring device that tracks comfort-related conditions by means of sensors (i.e., noise level, temperature, humidity, air quality and luminosity) and (ii) a smart audiovisual system designed to monitor and analyze complementary comfort-related parameters (e.g., emotions or audio quality). Through this system, an experimental evaluation was conducted to collect several inputs from 140 students in two different faculties and obtain both subjective information (collecting answers from a survey) and objective data through the described environmental sensors in class. The conclusions derived from the obtained quantitative and qualitative data aim to contribute to the scientific knowledge and the enabling technologies required to define a new way to model, quantify, monitor, and holistically optimize comfort in physical environments for better educational performance and campus sustainability.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2022-09-08}, booktitle = {2022 7th {International} {Conference} on {Smart} and {Sustainable} {Technologies} ({SpliTech})}, publisher = {IEEE}, author = {Gomez-Carmona, Oihane and Navarro, Joan and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Lopez-de-Ipina, Diego and Sole-Beteta, Xavier and Zaballos, Agustin}, month = jul, year = {2022}, keywords = {Environment, Intelligent Environments, Internet of People related technologies, Internet of Things}, pages = {1--6}, } ']

[u' @inproceedings{gomez-carmona_modulating_2022, address = {Cham}, title = {Modulating {Users}\u2019 {Involvement} in {Interactive} {Machine} {Learning} {Solutions}: {A} {Model} {Cascade} {Strategy}}, volume = {594}, isbn = {978-3-031-21332-8 978-3-031-21333-5}, shorttitle = {Modulating {Users}\u2019 {Involvement} in {Interactive} {Machine} {Learning} {Solutions}}, url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-031-21333-5_35}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-21333-5_35}, abstract = {Adapting intelligent systems to the end-user goals and their desire for involvement is essential when designing trustworthy interactive solutions. In intelligent environments, where sensitive information must be preserved, the challenge becomes two-fold: i) approaching the critical personal data to the user to promote privacy (i.e., Edge Computing); and ii) adaptatively modulating users\u2019 participation throughout the time. For this reason, this work proposes an interactive approach based on a cascade of Machine Learning models that makes optimized decisions related to classifying individual data and labelling it. For the evaluated use-case of a Human Activity Recognition system, the initial quantitative results of the proposed strategy show that an interactive cascade of simpler models can improve the non-interactive approach used as a benchmark and, at the same time, modulate the degree of participation of the user, measured as the number of times they would be inquired to provide a new label for newly obtained data. Thus, this paper provides insights into how this approach may be used in designing intelligent systems to adapt to the role of users in the personalization of intelligent models and how to build flexible experiences and learning systems where the user feels involved. All this while maintaining the privacy requirements that apply to Edge Intelligence and Edge Computing concepts.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2022-11-23}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {International} {Conference} on {Ubiquitous} {Computing} \\& {Ambient} {Intelligence} ({UCAmI} 2022)}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, author = {G\xf3mez-Carmona, Oihane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego and Garc\xeda-Zubia, Javier}, year = {2022}, note = {Series Title: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems}, keywords = {Embedded Machine Learning, Interactive Machine Learning, Internet of Things, Optimization}, pages = {345--356}, } ']

[u' @article{benhamida_pyff_2021, title = {{PyFF}: {A} {Fog}-{Based} {Flexible} {Architecture} for {Enabling} {Privacy}-by-{Design} {IoT}-{Based} {Communal} {Smart} {Environments}}, volume = {21}, issn = {1424-8220}, shorttitle = {{PyFF}}, url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/11/3640}, doi = {10.3390/s21113640}, abstract = {The advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the massive growth of devices connected to the Internet are reshaping modern societies. However, human lifestyles are not evolving at the same pace as technology, which often derives into users\u2019 reluctance and aversion. Although it is essential to consider user involvement/privacy while deploying IoT devices in a human-centric environment, current IoT architecture standards tend to neglect the degree of trust that humans require to adopt these technologies on a daily basis. In this regard, this paper proposes an architecture to enable privacy-by-design with human-in-the-loop IoT environments. In this regard, it \ufb01rst distills two IoT use-cases with high human interaction to analyze the interactions between human beings and IoT devices in an environment which had not previously been subject to the Internet of People principles.. Leveraging the lessons learned in these use-cases, the Privacy-enabling Fog-based and Flexible (PyFF) human-centric and human-aware architecture is proposed which brings together distributed and intelligent systems are brought together. PyFF aims to maintain end-users\u2019 privacy by involving them in the whole data lifecycle, allowing them to decide which information can be monitored, where it can be computed and the appropriate feedback channels in accordance with human-in-the-loop principles.}, language = {en}, number = {11}, urldate = {2021-05-26}, journal = {Sensors}, author = {Benhamida, Fatima Zohra and Navarro, Joan and G\xf3mez-Carmona, Oihane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego and Zaballos, Agust\xedn}, month = may, year = {2021}, keywords = {Edge Computing, IF3.847, Intelligent Environments, Internet of Things, Q2}, pages = {3640}, } ']

[u' @inproceedings{lopez-de-ipina_social_2021, title = {Social {Coin}: {Blockchain}-mediated incentivization of citizens for sustainable collaborative processes}, shorttitle = {Social {Coin}}, doi = {10.23919/SpliTech52315.2021.9566325}, abstract = {Citizen and end-user engagement to seek their collaboration in common good collaborative processes is hard to sustain in time. Self-motivation is not enough to guarantee sustainability of co-creation or crowdsourcing campaigns. Long-time sustainability is essential to achieve effective and positive behaviour change. This work describes our efforts to give place to an auditing and rewarding mechanism for collaborative processes enacted by the application of Blockchain. This is achieved by introducing a Social Coin. This paper describes the architecture to enable such solution and the implications of choosing different Blockchain networks for its implementation. The aim is to get ready to assess such currency in real deployments where a suite of social good campaigns encouraging fulfilment of sustainable development goals are fostered.}, booktitle = {2021 6th {International} {Conference} on {Smart} and {Sustainable} {Technologies} ({SpliTech})}, author = {L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego and el Busto, Jorge and Lauzurica, Daniel and Casado, Diego}, month = sep, year = {2021}, keywords = {Blockchain, Blockchains, Collaboration, Crowdsourcing, Currencies, IoP, Sustainable development, co-production}, pages = {1--6}, } ']

[u' @article{casado-mansilla_socio-economic_2020, title = {Socio-{Economic} {Effect} on {ICT}-{Based} {Persuasive} {Interventions} {Towards} {Energy} {Efficiency} in {Tertiary} {Buildings}}, volume = {13/7)}, issn = {1996-1073}, url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/7/1700}, abstract = {Occupants of tertiary environments rarely care about their energy consumption. This fact is even more accentuated in cases of buildings of public use. Such unawareness has been identified by many scholars as one of the main untapped opportunities with high energy saving potential in terms of cost-effectiveness. Towards that direction, there have been numerous studies exploring energy-related behaviour and the impact that our daily actions have on energy efficiency, demand response and flexibility of power systems. Nevertheless, there are still certain aspects that remain controversial and unidentified, especially in terms of socio-economic characteristics of the occupants with regards to bespoke tailored motivational and awareness-based campaigns. The presented work introduces a two-step survey, publicly available through Zenodo repository that covers social, economic, behavioural and demographic factors. The survey analysis aims to fully depict the drivers that affect occupant energy-related behaviour at tertiary buildings and the barriers which may hinder green actions. Moreover, the survey reports evidence on respondents\u2019 self-assessment of fifteen known principles of persuasion intended to motivate them to behave pro-environmentally. The outcomes from the self-assessment help to shed light on understanding which of the Persuasive Principles may work better to nudge different user profiles towards doing greener actions at workplace. This study was conducted in four EU countries, six different cities and seven buildings, reaching more than three-hundred-and-fifty people. Specifically, a questionnaire was delivered before (PRE) and after (POST) a recommendation-based intervention towards pro-environmental behaviour through Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The findings from the PRE-pilot stage were used to refine the POST-pilot survey (e.g., we removed some questions that did not add value to one or several research questions or dismissed the assessment of Persuasive Principles (PPs) which were of low value to respondents in the pre-pilot survey). Both surveys validate \u201cCause and Effect\u201d, \u201cConditioning\u201d and \u201cSelf-monitoring\u201d as the top PPs for affecting energy-related behaviour in a workplace context. Among other results, the descriptive and prescriptive analysis reveals the association effects of specific barriers, pro-environmental intentions and confidence in technology on forming new pro-environmental behaviour. The results of this study intend to set the foundations for future interventions based on persuasion through ICT to reduce unnecessary energy consumption. Among all types of tertiary buildings, we emphasise on the validity of the results provided for buildings of public use.}, language = {English}, number = {1700}, journal = {Energies MDPI}, author = {Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Tsolakis, Apostolos and Borges, Cruz E. and Kamara-Esteban, Oihane and Krinidis, Stelios and \xc1vila, Jose Manuel and Tzovaras, Dimitrios and L\xf3pez-De-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, month = mar, year = {2020}, keywords = {Behaviour change, Energy-efficiency, Persuasive Technology, Q2, Smart Everyday Objects, Sustainability, jcr2.702, profiles}, pages = {1--26} }']

[u' @article{iglesias-urkia_automatic_2020, series = {Springer-{Verlag} {London}}, title = {Automatic generation of {Web} of {Things} servients using {Thing} {Descriptions}}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00779-020-01413-3}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-020-01413-3}, abstract = {Similarly to the standardization effort initiated for the World Wide Web in the 1990s, the World Wide Web Consortium is currently working on the Web of Things (WoT) specification. This initiative aims to tackle current fragmentation in the so-called Internet of Things by using existing Web standards. The ultimate goal is to cope with the increasing number of devices that are being connected to the Internet and to enable interoperability among them. On the other hand, Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) approaches make use of models to raise the abstraction level with the objective of accelerating the software development process, enabling design and code reuse, and increasing software quality.This work proposes to apply MDE techniques to enable the efficient development of WoT servients. Based on the WoT Thing Description specification, this work proposes both a textual-based concrete syntax and a model-based abstract syntax\u2014both fully compliant with the WoT specification\u2014that enable the generation of WoT servients in C++ with CoAP communication capabilities. This proposal is implemented by a tool that covers the whole development process, which is publicly available under an open source license.}, journal = {Personal and Ubiquitous Computing}, author = {Iglesias-Urkia, Markel and G\xf3mez, Abel and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Urbieta, Aitor}, month = jan, year = {2020}, keywords = {IF1.735, JCR, q3}, pages = {1--17}, } ']

[u' @article{goikoetxea_analysis_2020, title = {Analysis of {Driver}\u2019s {Reaction} {Behavior} {Using} a {Persuasion}-{Based} {IT} {Artefact}}, volume = {12(7)}, issn = {2071-1050}, url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/17/6857}, abstract = {The use of interactive technology to change behavior, which is commonly known as persuasive technology, is currently gaining attention in information systems research. It has been assessed in many application domains and the field of private mobility is not an exception, notably with the advent of self-driven cars. However, the reviewed body of research shows that when it comes to linking persuasion-based systems and mobility, most of the approaches focus on engaging drivers to use the car in a safer way, leaving the cost-efficiency aspect of driving less explored. Therefore, this article focuses on the study of a persuasion-based IT (Information Technology) artefact devised to make drivers more aware of car expenses (e.g., maintenance control, engine failures, enhance driving, etc.). Specifically, it aims to identify persuasive design principles for a smart IT solution that is tailored for the enhancement of the cost-efficiency of private cars. To this purpose, the results of a survey, where respondents (N = 301) were asked to rank different principles of persuasion which might result in increased efficiency to save time and money within their car, are presented. This work aims to contribute a persuasion-based IT artefact to help and influence drivers, enhancing their management of costs related to car mobility in real-time. The implications of the proposed solution, according to the responses of the survey, are discussed in line with its implementation and adoption by car holders.}, language = {English}, number = {6857}, journal = {Sustainability MDPI}, author = {Goikoetxea, Javier and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez-De-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, month = aug, year = {2020}, keywords = {Behaviour change, Q2, Smart Environments, behavior modelling, jcr2.576, sustinability}, pages = {1--16} }']

[u' @article{gomez-carmona_exploring_2020, title = {Exploring the computational cost of machine learning at the edge for human-centric {Internet} of {Things}}, volume = {112}, issn = {0167739X}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167739X20304106}, doi = {10.1016/j.future.2020.06.013}, abstract = {In response to users\u2019 demand for privacy, trust and control over their data, executing machine learning tasks at the edge of the system has the potential to make the Internet of Things (IoT) applications and services more human-centric. This implies moving complex computation to a local stage, where edge devices must balance the computational cost of the machine learning techniques to meet the available resources. Thus, in this paper, we analyze all the factors affecting the classification process and empirically evaluate their impact in terms of performance and cost. We put the focus on Human Activity Recognition (HAR) systems, which represent a standard type of classification problems in human-centered IoT applications. We present a holistic optimization approach through input data reduction and feature engineering that aims to enhance all the stages of the classification pipeline and integrate both inference and training at the edge. The results of the conducted evaluation show that there is a highly non-linear trade-off to make between the computational cost, in terms of processing time, and the achieved classification accuracy. In the presented case of study, the computational effort can be reduced by 80\\% assuming a decline of the classification accuracy of only 3\\%. The potential impact of the optimization strategy highlights the importance of understanding the initial data and studying the most relevant characteristics of the signal to meet the cost\u2013accuracy requirements. This would contribute to bringing embedded machine learning to the edge and, hence, creating spaces where human and machine intelligence could collaborate.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2020-06-22}, journal = {Future Generation Computer Systems}, author = {G\xf3mez-Carmona, Oihane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Kraemer, Frank Alexander and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego and Garc\xeda-Zubia, Javier}, month = jun, year = {2020}, keywords = {Edge Computing, IF7.187, Intelligent Environments, Internet of Things, Q1, embedded system, machine learning}, pages = {670--683}, } ']

[u' @article{irizar-arrieta_user_2020, title = {User perspectives in the {Design} of {Interactive} {Everyday} {Objects} for {Sustainable} {Behaviour}}, issn = {10715819}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1071581919301570}, doi = {10.1016/j.ijhcs.2019.102393}, abstract = {Addressing e\ufb03cient management of energy has become a central objective due to the scarcity of traditional energy sources and global warming. To cope with this overarching issue, some technological solutions such as Smart Grids, Internet of Things or Demand response are proposed. However, the majority of them overlooks the role of human beings in the equation. Moreover, the very nascent body of research combining human and machine intelligence proposes methods, frameworks, and guidelines which vary depending on the application scenario complicating the selection of gold-standards to ensure seamless cooperation between smart devices and people. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to provide a set of design-hypotheses to devise augmented objects that ally with their users to reduce energy consumption. We expect designers, engineers, makers or even hobbyists in the intersection between technology-enablers (through IoT) and behavioural scientists to bene\ufb01t from them. To this aim, we describe the results of a long-term study in o\ufb03ce-based workplaces, where participants were randomly assigned to di\ufb00erent experimental conditions (persuasion, dashboard, and automation) to increase their energy-e\ufb03cient behaviour. Grounded Theory analysis was applied over qualitative data collected during focus group sessions obtaining \ufb01ve themes around a central category. The resulting themes were linked to design-hypotheses for IoT devices which were then tested through the implementation of a new IoT object also conceived for the workplace.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2020-01-14}, journal = {International Journal of Human-Computer Studies}, author = {Irizar-Arrieta, Ane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Garaizar, Pablo and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego and Retegi, Aiur}, month = jan, year = {2020}, keywords = {JCR2.006, Q2}, pages = {102393} }']

[u' @article{irizar-arrieta_exploring_2020, title = {Exploring the {Application} of the {FOX} {Model} to {Foster} {Pro}-{Environmental} {Behaviours} in {Smart} {Environments}}, volume = {20 (16)}, url = {[Buscar dominio www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/16/4576] https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/16/4576}, doi = {1424-8220}, language = {English}, number = {4576}, journal = {Sensors MDPI}, author = {Irizar-Arrieta, Ane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Retegi, Aiur and Laschke, Matthias and L\xf3pez-De-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, month = may, year = {2020}, keywords = {Behaviour change, Q1, Smart Environments, behavior modelling, jcr3.275, sustainability}, pages = {1--26} }']

[u' @article{irizar-arrieta_addressing_2020, title = {Addressing {Behavioural} {Technologies} {Through} the {Human} {Factor}: {A} {Review}}, volume = {8}, issn = {2169-3536}, shorttitle = {Addressing {Behavioural} {Technologies} {Through} the {Human} {Factor}}, url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9035412/}, doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2980785}, abstract = {Energy-efficiency related research has reached a growing interest in recent years due to the imminent scarcity of non-renewable resources in our environment and the impending impacts their usage have on our environment. Thus, facing the reduction of energy waste and management has become a pivotal issue in our society. To cope with energy inefficiency, the scientific research community has identified the promotion of people\u2019s behaviour change as a critical field to foster environmental sustainability. However, the body of literature shows a lack of systematic methods and processes to reach a common ground when designing technology for promoting sustainable behaviour change. Therefore, this paper contributes with a thorough review and analysis of state of the art. Firstly, theoretical works related to behaviour change are collected and studied to clarify their main concepts and theories. Secondly, the different technologies, processes, methods and techniques applied in the field are reviewed to find diverse strategies in the application of the previously explained theoretical domains. Moreover, a wide range of systems developed to improve energy efficiency through human behaviour change is analysed (from augmented objects to the Internet of Things, digital applications or websites). Finally, the detected research gaps are listed to guide future research when aiming to raise the awareness of individuals through Information and Communication Technologies.}, urldate = {2020-04-29}, journal = {IEEE Access}, author = {Irizar-Arrieta, Ane and Gomez-Carmona, Oihane and Bilbao-Jayo, Aritz and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Lopez-De-Ipina, Diego and Almeida, Aitor}, year = {2020}, keywords = {Activity Recognition, Artificial Intelligence, Behaviour change, Behaviour modelling, FuturAAL, ICT, Intelligent Environments, Internet of Things, IoT, JCR3.367, Q2, Sustainability, Sustainable Behaviour Change, machine, machine learning, sentientthings}, pages = {52306--52322}, } ']

[u' @inproceedings{manterola_lasa_unsserv_2020, address = {Split (Croatia)}, title = {{UnsServ}: unstructured peer-to-peer library for deploying services in smart environments}, shorttitle = {{UnServ}}, url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9243828}, doi = {10.23919/SpliTech49282.2020.9243828}, abstract = {UnsServ is a modular unstructured peer-to-peer library composed of independent services that aim to provide basic functionalities. These services are designed for using them as underlying P2P technology. The work presented in this paper provides an overview to the UnsServ library. Besides, it pursues to present a unique perspective on unstructured peer-to-peer utterly focused on its practicality. To do this, we present six services that represent the functionalities UnsServ is capable of offering. Through them, we propose to characterize the peer-to-peer technology: scalable and churn resistant membership, clustering, aggregation, random sampling, broadcast dissemination and searching. All of these parts are presented along with a clear API for coupling them in a modular solution. The proposed library can help to seamlessly deploy P2P services on contexts of high dynamicity such as Internet of Things.}, booktitle = {In 2020 5th {International} {Conference} on {Smart} and {Sustainable} {Technologies} ({SpliTech})}, publisher = {IEEE Xplore}, author = {Manterola Lasa, Arazt and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez de Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, month = sep, year = {2020}, keywords = {IoT, Libraries, Peer to peer computing, Software Architecture}, pages = {1--6}, } ']

[u' @article{sanchez-corcuera_persuasion-based_2020, title = {Persuasion-based recommender system ensambling matrix factorisation and active learning models}, issn = {1617-4909, 1617-4917}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00779-020-01382-7}, doi = {10.1007/s00779-020-01382-7}, abstract = {Recommendation systems are gaining popularity on Internet platforms such as Amazon, Netflix, Spotify or Booking. As more users are joining these online consumer and entertainment sectors, the profile-based data for providing accurate just-intime recommendations is rising thanks to strategies based on collaborative filtering or content-based metrics. However, these systems merely focus on providing the right item for the users without taking into account what would be the best strategy to suggest the movie, the product or the song (i.e. the strategy to increase the success or impact of the recommendation). Taking this research gap into consideration, this paper proposes a profile-based recommendation system that outputs a set of potential persuasive strategies that can be used with users with similar characteristics. The case study presented provides tailored persuasive strategies to make office-based employees enhance the energy efficiency at work (the dataset used on this research is specific of this sector). Throughout the paper, shreds of evidence are reported assessing the validity of the proposed system. Specifically, two approaches are compared: a profile-based recommendation system (RS) vs. the same RS enriched by adding an ensemble with an active learning model. The results shed light on not only providing effective mechanisms to increase the success of the recommendations but also alleviating the cold start problem when newcomers arrive.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2020-03-24}, journal = {Personal and Ubiquitous Computing}, author = {S\xe1nchez-Corcuera, Rub\xe9n and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Borges, Cruz E. and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, month = mar, year = {2020}, keywords = {Artificial Intelligence, IF1.735, Persuasive Technology, Q3, Recsys, cold-user problem, preference recommendation, sentientthings, user profiling}, } ']

[u' @inproceedings{benhamida_stockbuy_2020, address = {Split (Croatia)}, title = {Stock\\&{Buy}: {A} {New} {Demand} {Forecasting} {Tool} {For} {Inventory} {Control}}, shorttitle = {Stock\\&{Buy}}, url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9243824}, doi = {10.23919/SpliTech49282.2020.9243824}, abstract = {Demand forecasting is playing a crucial role for many retail firms where effective inventory management allows accurate balance between demands and offers. One of the most common methods for demand forecasting is by analyzing previous data to help predicting future demands/supplies. This work presents a growing online retail platform, Stock\\&Buy, to integrate a demand forecasting tool. First, a forecasting pipeline is designed where extensive literature review and pre-analyzing data allowed to make the most appropriate decisions to reach high accuracy. After that, a new demand-forecasting tool, Comb-TSB, is proposed for intermittent and lumpy demand patterns. Comb-TSB automatically selects the most accurate model among a set of methods. Besides, a clustering-based approach (ClustAvg) is proposed to forecast demand for new products which have very few or no sales history data. The evaluation process showed that the proposed tool achieves good forecasting accuracy by making the most appropriate choice while defining the forecasting method to apply for each product selection.}, booktitle = {In 2020 5th {International} {Conference} on {Smart} and {Sustainable} {Technologies} ({SpliTech})}, publisher = {IEEE Xplore}, author = {Benhamida, Fatima Zohra and Kaddouri, Ouahiba and Ouhrouche, Tahar and Benaichouche, Mohamed and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez de Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, month = sep, year = {2020}, keywords = {Forecasting, IoT}, pages = {1--6}, } ']

[u' @inproceedings{casado-mansilla_lasting_2020, address = {Split (Croatia)}, title = {Lasting and {Spillover} {Effects} of {Ambient} {Eco}-{Feedback} in the {Office}-based {Workplace}}, url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9243717}, doi = {10.23919/SpliTech49282.2020.9243717}, abstract = {Aside from being one of the biggest challenges of current times, reduction of energy usage in the workplace through the adoption of energy efficient practices contributes both to develop a sustainable work environment and also minimize operational costs. Considering the vital role of the employees, the adoption of energy-specific related behaviour in a working environment depends largely on their real engagement. Even then, while the new adoption of energy efficiency measures may come naturally at first and may be regarded with interest and motivation, the question remains about its real lasting effects after the intervention ends. In this regard, the following work details the experience of employees in an office-based environment when using an energy-aware smart IoT device. Moreover, it analyses the lasting effect of the formed green-behaviour that the intervention brought even beyond the end of the study. Finally, it provides evidence on the learning process about energy practices at the workplace and how this acquired habit can be brought to external contexts such as private settings.}, booktitle = {In 2020 5th {International} {Conference} on {Smart} and {Sustainable} {Technologies} ({SpliTech})}, publisher = {IEEE Xplore}, author = {Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Irizar Arrieta, Ane and Solabarrieta Roman, Mikel and Manterola Lasa, Aratz and Kamara-Esteban, Oihane and Tsolakis, Apostolos and Krinidis, Stelios and Tzovaras, Dimitrios and Borges, Cruz E. and L\xf3pez de Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, month = sep, year = {2020}, keywords = {Behaviour change, Energy-efficiency, GreenSoul, IoT, Persuasive Technology}, pages = {1--6}, } ']

[u" @inproceedings{zabaleta_barriers_2020, address = {Split (Croatia)}, title = {Barriers to {Widespread} the {Adoption} of {Electric} {Flexibility} {Markets}: {A} {Triangulation} {Approach}}, url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9243744}, doi = {10.23919/SpliTech49282.2020.9243744}, abstract = {The electricity markets are changing across the world and one of the biggest changes is the widespread deployment of Distributed Energy Resources (DER). This paper analyses the barriers that hinder the proliferation of Local Flexibility Market (LFM) and Local Energy Market (LEM) platforms, where DER can participate through Internet of Things (IoT) and Blockchain technologies. After surveying the body of knowledge, interviewing experts and consulting end-users of pilot-buildings through questionnaires, the authors identified a comprehensive list of barriers that can be classified within the following main themes: (1) fit to current lifestyles, (2) administration, (3) standardization, (4) trust, (5) technical, and (6) costs, where each category has several sub-categories. Finally, the paper develops a categorization by their nature and finds a suitable distinction between socio-economical, technical and legal barriers. The taxonomy and the dataset with experts' categorisation is publicly available in Zenodo for other researchers and interested audiences. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there are no current research studies exploring in detail heterogeneous barriers posed from diverse backgrounds, and the degree each one of them affects the adoption of LFM.}, booktitle = {In 2020 5th {International} {Conference} on {Smart} and {Sustainable} {Technologies} ({SpliTech})}, publisher = {IEEE Xplore}, author = {Zabaleta, Koldo and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Kapassa, Evgenia and Pre\xdfmair, Guntram and Themistocleous, Marinos and L\xf3pez de Ipi\xf1a, Diego and Borges, Cruz E.}, month = sep, year = {2020}, keywords = {IoT, Peer to peer computing, Software Architecture}, pages = {1--6}, } "]

[u' @inproceedings{gomez-carmona_simplicity_2019, address = {Bilbao, Spain}, title = {Simplicity is {Best}: {Addressing} the {Computational} {Cost} of {Machine} {Learning} {Classifiers} in {Constrained} {Edge} {Devices}}, isbn = {978-1-4503-7207-7}, shorttitle = {Simplicity is {Best}}, url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=3365871.3365889}, doi = {10.1145/3365871.3365889}, abstract = {The potential of the Internet of Things (IoT) has traditionally grown upon the basis of its connectivity and communication capabilities, where low-power devices gather physical data and send them to remote high-performance nodes. However, the Edge Computing paradigm is changing the Cloud-based approach moving the processing and data computation towards the edge, getting the computation closer to the data source. As a consequence, extending intelligence to embedded platforms at the edge involves addressing differently the data processing and the computation techniques to overcome the constraints of the IoT devices. To contribute to this new challenge, we analyze the feasibility of deploying different supervised Machine Learning techniques applied to human activity recognition into two single-board computers, namely a Raspberry Pi 3B+ and a Raspberry Zero W. To that end, we present the classification example of a drinking activity monitoring system as a case study. The results show that an initial optimization process (i.e. selecting the most important features of the raw sensor data) is preeminent to provide a substantial improvement on the classification process with a minimal loss of performance and saving valuable computational cost. Thus, the presented approach seeks to stress the importance of understanding the initial data and studying the most relevant characteristics of the signal to overcome the limitations of the IoT devices and succeed in bringing embedded Machine Learning to the edge.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2019-11-11}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 9th {International} {Conference} on the {Internet} of {Things} - {IoT} 2019}, publisher = {ACM Press}, author = {G\xf3mez-Carmona, Oihane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego and Garc\xeda-Zubia, Javier}, year = {2019}, keywords = {Edge Computing, Internet of Things, Smart Environments, machine learning}, pages = {1--8} }']

[u' @article{iglesias-urkia_integrating_2019, title = {Integrating {Electrical} {Substations} within the {IoT} using {IEC} 61850, {CoAP} and {CBOR}}, volume = {Early Acccess}, issn = {2327-4662}, doi = {10.1109/JIOT.2019.2903344}, abstract = {Electrical substations are crucial elements of Smart Grids where they are mainly responsible for voltage transformations. However, due to the integration of distributed energy resources in the grid, substations now have to provide additional grid management capabilities which in turn require supervision and automation solutions for large low-voltage grids. A recurring challenge in such deployments are siloed systems that are due to non-interoperable communication protocols across substations: although most substations\u2019 communication is based on the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61850 standard, deployed legacy protocols lag behind modern communication technologies in terms of performance, hindering the full transition to lightweight protocols. This paper demonstrates that IEC 61850 can be fully mapped to the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) in combination with the Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) format while improving system performance compared to existing alternatives (e.g. WS-SOAP and HTTP). On average, CoAP+CBOR needs 44\\% and 18\\% of the message size and 71\\% and 85\\% of the time compared to systems based on HTTP and WS-* Web Services, respectively \u2013 this is especially relevant for resource-constrained devices and networks in electrical grids. In addition, CoAP is based on the Representational State Transfer (REST) architectural style, which supports system integration and interoperability through uniform identification and interaction. This approach fosters the standard-compliant integration of legacy platforms with modern substations as well as current IoT systems in neighboring domains such as building management and infrastructure automation systems.}, journal = {IEEE Internet of Things Journal}, author = {Iglesias-Urkia, Markel and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Mayer, Simon and Bilbao, Josu and Urbieta, Aitor}, month = jun, year = {2019}, keywords = {CBOR, CoAP, Electrical Substations, IEC 61850, IoT, Q1, benchmarking, energy, jcr5.863}, pages = {1--1} }']

[u' @inproceedings{kamara-esteban_can_2019, address = {Thessaloniki, Greece}, title = {Can {I} {Shift} {My} {Load}? {Optimizing} the {Selection} of the {Best} {Electrical} {Tariff} for {Tertiary} {Buildings}}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34995-0_60}, abstract = {Sustainability is strongly related to the appropriate use of available resources, being an important cornerstone in any company\u2019s administration due to the direct influence on its efficiency and ability to compete in the global market. Therefore, the intelligent and proper management of these resources is a pressing matter in terms of cost savings. Among the possible alternatives for optimisation, the one regarding electricity consumption stands out due to its strong influence on the expenses account. In general, this type of optimisation can be carried out from two different perspectives: one that concerns the efficient use of energy itself and the other related to the proper adjustment of the electricity contract so that it meets the infrastructure needs while avoiding extra costs derived from poorly sized bills. This paper describes the application of an artificial intelligence based methodology for the optimisation of the \u2026}, booktitle = {International {Conference} on {Computer} {Vision} {Systems}}, publisher = {Springer, Cham}, author = {Kamara-Esteban, Oihane and Borges, Cruz E. and Casado-Mansilla, Diego}, year = {2019}, pages = {658--669} }']

[u" @incollection{gomez-carmona_opportunities_nodate, series = {Ambient {Intelligence} and {Smart} {Environments}}, title = {Opportunities and {Challenges} of {Technology}-based {Interventions} to {Increase} {Health}-awareness in the {Workplace}}, volume = {25}, isbn = {978-1-61499-972-0}, abstract = {Well-being at work is gaining an increasing importance on the overall health promotion as the workplace is considered an adequate setting to support health-related interventions reaching large audiences. In fact, an increasing number of initiatives are being carried out to influence employees towards healthier lifestyles in later years. However, despite demonstrating moderate efficacy, the body of literature shows that the lack of adherence of the target audience to the interventions is an important factor to overcome in order to attain higher success. To increase employees' motivation and prevent early drop-out, disengagement or high attrition rates, this work presents an intervention methodology based on the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. Specifically, it presents a novel concept of a participatory worker-centric IoT solution for enhancing individuals' well-being in office environments. This approach seeks to stress the significance of empowering workers providing to them fine-grained control of their own well-being and self-care which correlates to higher rates of participation in health promotion initiatives. Along this chapter the main challenges associated with the design and development of technology-based interventions are reviewed. Moreover, the value of increasing the acceptance and adoption of the presented IoT approach from the employee's perspective is analyzed in a comprehensive manner.}, booktitle = {Transforming {Ergonomics} with {Personalized} {Health} and {Intelligent} {Workplaces}}, publisher = {IOS Press, Incorporated}, author = {G\xf3mez-Carmona, Oihane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Garcia-Zubia, Javier}, keywords = {Intelligent Environments, Internet of Things, Participatory Sensing, Wellness Promotion, workplace}, pages = {14} }"]

[u' @inproceedings{casado-mansilla_user_2019, address = {Bilbao, Spain}, title = {User {Involvement} {Matters}: {The} {Side}-{Effects} of {Automated} {Smart} {Objects} in {Pro}-environmental {Behaviour}}, volume = {23}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3365871.3365894}, abstract = {Automation through IoT brings with it a whole new set of societal, cognitive and ethical implications that we barely begin to address. Nonetheless, it is widely considered the panacea to overcoming the majority of global issues by many scholars with few arguments about its side-effects. The case of energy efficiency as an immediate action to overcome the climate change is not different: demand-response, smart grids or occupancy-driven energy management systems by using IoT crowd the current research agenda. Thus, there are scarce studies reporting mid or long term effects of IoT-mediated automation beyond quantitative-based energy reductions (eg emotional feelings derived to interact with smart devices, complacency associated with them or perceived value of IoT throughout the time are left apart). Based on the lack of evidence, this article reports the results of a study conducted in 10 workplaces during \u2026}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 9th {International} {Conference} on the {Internet} of {Things} - {IoT} 2019}, publisher = {ACM}, author = {Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Garaizar, Pablo and L\xf3pez de Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, year = {2019}, keywords = {IoT, Persuasive Technology, energy efficiency}, pages = {1--4}, } ']

[u' @article{gomez-carmona_enhancing_2019, title = {Enhancing street-level interactions in smart cities through interactive and modular furniture}, issn = {1868-5137, 1868-5145}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12652-019-01577-8}, doi = {10.1007/s12652-019-01577-8}, abstract = {The idea of smart cities is becoming part of our reality and it represents the transformation that urban areas should undergo to create more sustainable and efficient spaces. Through the combination of technology to gather data, people to produce them and stakeholders\u2019 creativity, the smart cities provide tools and mechanisms that bring greater value to the environment and, in the end, improve citizens quality of life. Although the concept of a smart city is evolving fast in terms of technology adoption and user involvement, the new interactive objects that will be deployed in those smart environments to create street-level interactions are still dubious. Hence, this article contributes to presenting the implementation of a multifunctional digital system, in the form of smart furniture, to be deployed in the smart cities. The proposed smart object is a modular and customizable kiosk, resembling a totem, specifically designed to fit into this digital transformation and to respond to users\u2019 needs by offering contextualized information and services. The included integrated hardware elements interact digitally and physically with users, sense environmental conditions and send the captured data to the cloud, where remote management tools allow to control and configure the whole setup. The presented smart totem has been customized for two different use-cases to highlight the adaptability of the system to fit for different purposes. Moreover, one of the use-cases has been thoroughly evaluated after being deployed for 6 months in the wild at the Chinese and Japanese Garden of Singapore. The quantitative data gathered throughout this study along with the obtained qualitative users\u2019 feedback, help to provide insights for the convenience of deploying new interactive furniture in smart cities, the adoption barriers of such physical systems, and the new opportunities that these street-level interactions can elicit.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2019-11-19}, journal = {Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing}, author = {G\xf3mez-Carmona, Oihane and S\xe1daba, Juan and Casado-Mansilla, Diego}, month = nov, year = {2019}, keywords = {IF4.594, Interactive kiosk, Q1, Smart Cities, Smartoki}, } ']

[u" @inproceedings{casado-mansilla_side_2019, address = {Glasgow, Schottland}, title = {On the {Side} {Effects} of {Automation} in {IoT}: {Complacency} and {Comfort} vs. {Relapse} and {Distrust}}, url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.08657}, doi = {arXiv:1911.08657}, abstract = {Automation through IoT brings with it a whole new set of philosophical and ethical implications that we barely began to address. However, it is widely considered by many scholars as the panacea to overcoming the majority of societal issues. The case of energy efficiency as an action for tackling climate change is not different: demand-response proposals or occupancy-driven energy management systems crowd the current research agenda on energy efficiency. However, there are still very few studies that have reported the effects of automation in the mid or long term beyond energy reduction (eg emotional feelings derived to interact with automation, complacency to the devices or perceived value of the automation throughout the time). In this workshop article, we report scientific evidence of a study conducted in ten workplaces during more than one year where we found that automating some electronic devices of common use (ie moving away or preventing subjects from the control of these devices) in favour of comfort and energy efficiency, is associated with a reduction of the users' confidence in science and technology as a mean to solve all environmental current problems and reduce the willingness of people to act in favor of the environment.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {CHI} 2019 {Workshop} on {New} {Directions} for the {IoT}: {Automate}, {Share}, {Build}, and {Care}}, publisher = {arXiv}, author = {Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Garaizar, Pablo and Irizar-Arrieta, Ane and {Diego L\xf3pez de Ipi\xf1a}}, year = {2019} }"]

[u' @inproceedings{irizar-arrieta_fox_2019, title = {{FOX}: {A} {Flexible} and {Heterogeneus} {Mixed} {User} {Model} to {Address} {Sustainable} {Behaviour} in {Smart} {Environments}}, volume = {31}, shorttitle = {{FOX}}, url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/31/1/82}, doi = {10.3390/proceedings2019031082}, abstract = {Addressing how human behaviour can be taken into account when designing for sustainability is an emerging topic in the development of pro-environmental person-centred smart systems. Indeed, user diversity and categorisation in the context of sustainable behaviour was already studied by some scholars in recent literature. However, the complexity of the individual present some open challenges that still have to be further investigated. In this work, behavioural theories and user characterisation are analysed together to better understand the human factors when trying to in\ufb02uence sustainable lifestyles and actions. Then, theoretical frameworks are combined and mapped in a novel user meta-model, coined FOX, that classi\ufb01es the individual dynamically taking into account its heterogeneity and diversity. The dimensions involved in the FOX proposal are explained by describing the categorisation of each dimension. Besides, an example of the potential application of the model is exposed to better contextualise the work presented. Finally, controversial aspects and emerging ideas of the proposal are equally discussed throughout the paper as well as we discuss the use of FOX model to inform the design of behaviour change interventions related to sustainability.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2020-01-14}, booktitle = {Proceedings}, author = {Irizar-Arrieta, Ane and Retegi, Aiur and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Laschke, Matthias and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, month = nov, year = {2019}, keywords = {behavioural theories, human computer interaction, sustainable behaviour change, user modelling}, pages = {82} }']

[u' @inproceedings{bounsiar_how_2019, address = {Toledo}, title = {How to {Enable} {Delay} {Tolerant} {Network} {Solutions} for {Internet} of {Things}: {From} {Taxonomy} to {Open} {Challenges}}, volume = {31}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019031024}, abstract = {Internet of Things (IoT) is witnessing an increasing range of application domains (industry 4.0, eHealth, smart city, etc.). Meanwhile, IoT is still facing communication challenges because of limited capabilities in computing, storage and energy constraints of smart objects. The use of Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) as basis for communication in IoT is promising but needs more development. In this paper, we present a literature review and a classification of DTN routing protocols. Furthermore, we survey a number of DTN solutions for IoT and propose a new taxonomy to motivate the importance of enabling DTN for IoT applications. The novelty of this classification is the focus on X-DTN category, which combines Delay Tolerant schemes with new technologies (eg, Fog Computing). We also point out some open issues for potential Delay Tolerant IoT schemes.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of 13th {International} {Conference} on {Ubiquitous} {Computing} and {Ambient} \u202a{Intelligence} {UCAmI} 2019}, publisher = {MDPI}, author = {Bounsiar, Selma and Benhamida, Fatima Z and Henni, Abderrazak and L\xf3pez de Ipi\xf1a, Diego and Casado-Mansilla, Diego}, year = {2019}, pages = {11} }']

[u' @inproceedings{benhamida_smartworkplace:_2019, address = {Bilbao, Spain}, series = {\\{{CEUR}\\} {Workshop} {Proceedings}}, title = {{SmartWorkplace}: {A} {Privacy}-based {Fog} {Computing} {Approach} to {Boost} {Energy} {Efficiency} and {Wellness} in {Digital} {Workplaces}}, volume = {Vol-2530}, url = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2530/paper2.pdf}, abstract = {The massive digitalization of modern society has transformed human lifestyles in several dimensions ranging from social interactions to healthcare and wellness, including transportation systems, jobs, machinery, or energy management. However, physical environments and people have not evolved at the same pace, leaving a challenging gap between the advances in technology and how society efficiently interact with it. One specific case is the workplaces where digital literacy is not widespread among all employees (e.g. blue or grey collars) and the advent of such digitalization is a reality. This work presents an architectural approach to improve energy efficiency and wellness at work (by suggesting new behaviours and dynamics) while maintaining user comfort and keeping user\u2019s privacy. More specifically, this approach\u2014inspired by the Fog computing paradigm\u2014features a hierarchical scheme based of privacy maintenance which (1) collects real-time data from the users at the workplace environment; (2) processes these data in either in the Fog or Cloud infrastructure depending on the data sensitiveness; and (3) provides feedback to the user along with a set of recommendations related to energy usage. As such, the user is included in the whole data-cycle which allows employees to decide what information can be monitored, where it can be computed and the appropriate ICT channels to receive the feedback.}, language = {en}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 1st {Workshop} on {Cyber}-{Physical} {Social} {Systems}}, publisher = {CEUR-WS.org}, author = {Benhamida, Fatima Z and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Navarro, Joan and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego and G\xf3mez-Carmona, Oihane and Zaballos, Agust\xedn}, year = {2019}, keywords = {Edge Computing, Intelligent Environments, Internet of Things, workplace}, pages = {7} }']

[u' @inproceedings{sanchez-corcuera_persuade_2019, address = {Leicester, United Kingdom}, title = {Persuade {Me}!: {A} {User}-{Based} {Recommendation} {System} {Approach}}, isbn = {978-1-72814-034-6}, shorttitle = {Persuade {Me}!}, url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9060163/}, doi = {10.1109/SmartWorld-UIC-ATC-SCALCOM-IOP-SCI.2019.00310}, abstract = {Recommendation systems are gaining their momentum with popular Internet platforms such as Amazon, Net\ufb02ix or Spotify. As more users are joining these online consumer and entertainment sectors, the pro\ufb01le-based data for providing accurate just-in-time recommendations is rising thanks to strategies based on collaborative \ufb01ltering or content-based metrics. However, these systems merely focus on providing the right item for the users without taking into account what would be the best strategy to suggest the movie, the product or the song (i.e. the strategy to increase the success or impact of the recommendation). Taking this research gap into consideration, this paper proposes a pro\ufb01le-based recommendation system that outputs a set of potential persuasive strategies that can be used with users with similar characteristics. The scope of the tailored persuasive strategies is to make of\ufb01ce-based employees of tertiary buildings increase their pro-environmental awareness and enhance the energy ef\ufb01ciency at work (the dataset used on this research is speci\ufb01c of this sector). Throughout the paper, shreds of evidence are reported assessing the validity of the proposed system by not only providing effective mechanisms to increase the success of the recommendations but also alleviating the cold-start-problem when newcomers arrive.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2022-05-03}, booktitle = {2019 {IEEE} {SmartWorld}, {Ubiquitous} {Intelligence} \\& {Computing}, {Advanced} \\& {Trusted} {Computing}, {Scalable} {Computing} \\& {Communications}, {Cloud} \\& {Big} {Data} {Computing}, {Internet} of {People} and {Smart} {City} {Innovation} ({SmartWorld}/{SCALCOM}/{UIC}/{ATC}/{CBDCom}/{IOP}/{SCI})}, publisher = {IEEE}, author = {Sanchez-Corcuera, Ruben and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Borges, Cruz E. and Lopez-De-Ipina, Diego}, month = aug, year = {2019}, keywords = {Feature extraction, Human factors, cold-start problem, collaborative filtering, energy conservation, persuasive strategies, recommendation systems, user profiling, workplace}, pages = {1740--1745}, } ']

[u' @incollection{iglesias-urkia_trilateral_2019, address = {Switzerland}, series = {Communications in {Computer} and {Information} {Science}}, title = {{TRILATERAL}: {A} {Model}-{Based} {Approach} for {Industrial} {CPS}\u2013{Monitoring} and {Control}}, abstract = {Internet of Things (IoT) devices are advanced embedded systems within a Cyber-Physical System (CPS) that require to be monitored and controlled. Such necessities are becoming increasingly common due to the advent of the Industry 4.0 among other smart deployments. A recurring issue in this field is that existing and new projects are reinventing the wheel by starting the development and deployment of IoT devices from scratch. To overcome such loss of efficiency in development, we propose to use Software Product Line (SPL) and Model-Based Engineering (MBE) since they seem promising in the literature in order to accelerate and ease the development software while reducing bugs and errors, and hence, costs. Additionally, a personalized solution is needed since not all Industrial CPSs (ICPSs) are composed by the same devices or use the same IoT communication protocols. Thus, we realized that a Domain Specific Language (DSL) along with a standard, will allow the user to graphically model the ICPS for this to be monitored and controlled. Therefore, this work presents TRILATERAL, a SPL Model Based tool that uses a Domain Specific Language (DSL) to allow users to graphically model ICPSs with a IEC 61850 based metamodel, a standard originally designed for electrical substations but that has also been used in other domains. TRILATERAL automatically generates an artifact in order to create a middleware between the ICPS and the monitoring system to monitor and control all the devices within the ICPS. This tool is designed, implemented and finally, validated with a real use case (catenary-free tram) where different lessons have been learned.}, number = {1161}, booktitle = {Model-{Driven} {Engineering} and {Software} {Development}. {MODELSWARD} 2019.}, publisher = {Springer, Cham}, author = {Iglesias-Urkia, Markel and Iglesias, Aitziber and L\xf3pez-Davalillo, Beatriz and Charramendieta, Santiago and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Sagardui, Goiuria and Urbieta, Aitor}, year = {2019}, pages = {376--398}, } ']

[u' @inproceedings{benhamida_toward_2019, address = {Bilbao, Spain}, title = {Toward a {Delay} {Tolerant} {Internet} of {Things}}, volume = {24}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3365871.3365908}, abstract = {Internet of Things (IoT) is widely spread to reach many application domains (industry 4.0, eHealth, smart city...). However, smart objects in IoT environments are facing communication challenges because of their mobility, and limited resources (capacities in computing, storage and energy). The use of Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) as basis for communication in IoT is promising but needs more development. In this paper, we present a preliminary scheme that enables Delay tolerance for IoT environments. With respect to IoT constraints, the new solution based on reinforcement learning allows to continuously enhance the proposed model to increase the delivery ratio while optimizing resources consumption.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 9th {International} {Conference} on the {Internet} of {Things}}, publisher = {ACM}, author = {Benhamida, Fatima Z and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez de Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, year = {2019}, pages = {1--4} }']

[u' @inproceedings{papageorgiou_socio-economic_2019, address = {Leicester, United Kingdom}, title = {A {Socio}-{Economic} {Survey} for {Understanding} {Self}-{Perceived} {Effectiveness} of {Persuasive} {Strategies} {Towards} {Energy} {Efficiency} in {Tertiary} {Buildings}}, doi = {10.1109/SmartWorld-UIC-ATC-SCALCOM-IOP-SCI.2019.00321}, language = {English}, booktitle = {{IEEE} {SmartWorld}, {Ubiquitous} {Intelligence} \\& {Computing}, {Advanced} \\& {Trusted} {Computing}, {Scalable} {Computing} \\& {Communications}, {Cloud} \\& {Big} {Data} {Computing}, {Internet} of {People} and {Smart} {City} {Innovation} ({SmartWorld}/{SCALCOM}/{UIC}/{ATC}/{CBDCom}/{IOP}/{SCI})}, author = {Papageorgiou, Dimitris and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Tsolakis, Apostolos and Borges, Cruz E. and L\xf3pez-De-Ipi\xf1a, Diego and Kamara-Esteban, Oihane and S\xe1nchez-Corcuera, Ruben and Moschos, Ioannis and Irizar-Arrieta, Ane and Krinidis, Stelios and Zacharaki, Angeliki and \xc1vila, Jose Manuel and Tzovaras, Dimitrios}, month = aug, year = {2019}, pages = {1817--1824} }']

[u' @article{iglesias-urkia_analysis_2018, series = {Springer {Berlin} {Heidelberg}}, title = {Analysis of {CoAP} implementations for industrial {Internet} of {Things}: a survey}, doi = {10.1007/s12652-018-0729-z}, abstract = {Over the last few years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has grown in protocols, implementations and use cases. In terms of communication protocols, the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) prevails among the rest, such as MQ Telemetry Transport (MQTT) or Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP). This protocol is lightweight and capable of running in resource constrained devices and networks and can be securized using Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS). Hav-ing a secure channel of communication is important in IoT environments, since IoT devices affect the physical world and exchange personal private data. There exist many implementations of CoAP, each of these with its own particular features and requirements. Therefore, it is important to choose the CoAP implementation that suits better to the specific requirements of each application. This paper presents a feature and empirical comparison of several open source CoAP implementations and also analyzes the security libraries they use. First of all, it surveys current CoAP implementations, and compares them in terms of built-in core, extensions, target platform, programming language and interoperability. Then, a theoretical analysis of the security libraries is provided. Finally, it analyzes CoAP libraries\u2019 performance in terms of latency, memory and CPU consumption in a real testbed deployed in an industrial scenario, in order to help in adopting a decision criterion for similar deployments}, journal = {Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing}, author = {Iglesias-Urkia, Markel and Orive, Adri\xe1n and Urbieta, Aitor and Casado-Mansilla, Diego}, month = feb, year = {2018}, keywords = {CoAP, IoT, JCR1.91, Q3, Security, energy, jcr1.588}, pages = {1--4} }']

[u" @inproceedings{iglesias-urkia_enhanced_2018, address = {Santa Barbara, California, USA}, title = {Enhanced publish/subscribe in {CoAP}: describing advanced subscription mechanisms for the observe extension}, isbn = {978-1-4503-6564-2}, doi = {10.1145/3277593.3277594}, abstract = {In the current Internet of Things (IoT) all sorts of devices and objects with diverse capabilities are being connected to the Internet and the Web. Consequently, new lightweight network protocols are also being developed to connect resource-constrained devices or networks with each other. One of these protocols is the Constrained Application Protocol, which provides a REST architecture to resource and network-constrained devices. Besides the RESTful client-server paradigm, CoAP supports a publish-subscribe model thanks to its Observe extension which mimics some of MQTT's functionalities. However, this extension has some limitations in the subscription mechanism. Hence, this paper proposes several enhancements that define new CoAP options and response codes for such mechanisms. Furthermore, a theoretical comparison of the current CoAP capabilities against the new possibilities is also provided. For that, an specific use case is proposed, and a comparison in terms of the overhead required to exchange payloads and to subscribe to state change notifications on resources.}, booktitle = {{IOT} '18 {Proceedings} of the 8th {International} {Conference} on the {Internet} of {Things}}, publisher = {ACM}, author = {Iglesias-Urkia, Markel and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Mayer, Simon and Urbieta, Aitor}, year = {2018} }"]

[u' @article{gomez-carmona_multifunctional_2018, title = {Multifunctional {Interactive} {Furniture} for {Smart} {Cities}}, volume = {2}, issn = {2504-3900}, url = {http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/2/19/1212}, doi = {10.3390/proceedings2191212}, abstract = {The adaptation of cities to a future in which connectivity is at the service of the citizens will be a reality by creating interaction spaces and augmented urban areas. The research on this \ufb01eld falls within the scope of Smart Cities (SC) with the advantages that the common public spaces provide as new points for information exchange between the city, the urban furniture and their citizens. Kiosk systems have been recognized as an appropriate mean for providing event-aware and localized information to the right audience at the right time. Hence, in this article, we provide a vision of an eco-system of multifunctional urban furniture, where kiosks are part of them, designed not only for digital interaction but for sustainable use and symbolic integration into the urban environment as well. The proposed approach is conceived to drive services through digital urban nodes that facilitate tailored citizen-city communication and interaction. The central element of the designed platform consists on an intelligent digital kiosk which features a series of hardware and software components for sensing different environmental conditions, multimodal interaction with users and for conveying the captured data to the Cloud. The custom-based contents visualized to the users are controlled remotely through a management tool that allows to set-up and con\ufb01gure the digital kiosk. This system is not presented as an ad-hoc solution for one speci\ufb01c purpose but instead, it becomes a platform that can accommodate and solve the needs of every kind of user that populates urban shared-use spaces.}, language = {en}, number = {19}, urldate = {2019-04-09TZ}, journal = {Proceedings}, author = {G\xf3mez-Carmona, Oihane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, month = nov, year = {2018}, pages = {1212} }']

[u' @article{casado-mansilla_human-centric_2018, series = {{IEEE}}, title = {A {Human}-centric \\& {Context}-aware {IoT} {Framework} for {Enhancing} {Energy} {Efficiency} in {Buildings} of {Public} {Use}}, volume = {6}, copyright = {Open Access}, issn = {2169-3536}, url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8360090/}, doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2837141}, abstract = {The GreenSoul project introduces an innovative energy-efficient platform which enhances traditional public-use buildings with various technologies, such as smart adaptors, energy analyzers, an occupant aware decision support engine, mobile applications and interactive ambient interfaces. These enhancement aims to directly improve the interactions between occupants and energy-consuming assets in their environment. The GreenSoul framework is further enriched by the deployment of lightweight edge-computing GreenSoul-ed devices, which reduce energy consumption by cooperating with other devices, smart metering equipment and, very importantly, with eco-aware users. The decision making process is supported by a socio-economic behavioural model, which provides the necessary understanding of occupant indoor behaviour towards transforming energy consuming devices into active pro-sustainability agents that inform users how energy-efficiently they operate them, provide notifications as to improve that aspect, and even adapt their own functioning to reduce energy waste. These eco-wise devices, which are coined as GreenSoul-ed Things, are explained in detail throughout the presented work as well as the sensor-based architecture that supports their operation. The deployment of the framework across six pilot buildings is addressed, as well as the designed experimental setting to corroborate the potential of such a collaborative approach to enhance energy efficiency in office buildings.}, language = {English}, number = {1}, journal = {IEEE Access}, author = {Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Moschos, Ioannis and Kamara-Esteban, Oihane and C. Tsolakis, Apostolos and Borges, Cruz E. and Krinidis, Stelios and Irizar-Arrieta, Ane and Kitsikoudis, Konstantinos and Pijoan, Ander and Tzovaras, Dimitrios and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, month = may, year = {2018}, keywords = {Computer architecture, Decision Support Systems, Energy-efficiency, Green Buildings, Internet of Things, Persuasive Technology, Q1, jcr3.244}, pages = {31444--31456} }']

[u" @inproceedings{gomez-carmona_health_2018, address = {Rome, Italy}, title = {Health {Promotion} in {Office} {Environments}: {A} {Worker}-centric {Approach} {Driven} by the {Internet} of {Things}}, volume = {23}, isbn = {978-1-61499-873-0 (print) {\\textbar} 978-1-61499-874-7 (online)}, doi = {10.3233/978-1-61499-874-7-355}, abstract = {Health promotion in the workplace is one of the main challenges that the World Health Organization (WHO) has set in its agenda for the 21\\${\\textasciicircum}\\{st\\}\\$ century. Motivated by this concern, many companies across the world have reacted launching awareness campaigns and wellness promotion programs. One of the recurring problems on different application scenarios is the lack of adherence of the target audience (i.e. disengagement, early drop-out or high attrition rates). In this context, the potential of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and the emerging paradigm of the Internet of Things (IoT) can play a mediating role between the proposers (i.e. managers) and the target audience (i.e employees) to increase motivation and follow-up. The presented work reviews the main challenges of IoT-based interventions for workplace health promotion and presents a participatory worker-centric concept for enhancing individuals' well-being in office environments. Our approach seeks to stress the importance of empowering workers providing to them fine-grained control of their own well-being and self-care. To this aim, we propose turning work environments into ideal confident-settings to persuade and motivate end-users attaining substantial changes that will persist over time.}, booktitle = {Intelligent {Environments} 2018: {Workshop} {Proceedings} of the 14th {International} {Conference} on {Intelligent} {Environments}}, author = {G\xf3mez-Carmona, Oihane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Garc\xeda-Zub\xeda, Javier}, month = jun, year = {2018}, keywords = {Intelligent Environments, Internet of Things, Participatory Sensing, Wellness Promotion, workplace}, pages = {355 -- 363} }"]

[u' @inproceedings{irizar-arrieta_accounting_2018, address = {Split (Croatia)}, title = {Accounting for {User} {Diversity} in the {Design} for {Sustainable} {Behaviour} in {Smart} {Offices}}, isbn = {978-953-290-081-1}, abstract = {Human factors are essential in the promotion and success of energy efficiency initiatives in the workplace. The existing literature on the field has demonstrated that \u2018one-size-fitsall\u2019 solutions tend to fail because they overlook addressing user diversity and the different motivations to behave proenvironmentally. Thus, accounting for user heterogeneity appears to be a successful approach to improve the accuracy selecting and developing behaviour change strategies for different user profiles and work-contexts. This paper addresses the ideation and design process of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based physical object, a coaster, to foster energy awareness in an office-based workplace. Putting the diversity of users in the centre of the process, the Iotdesign proposal links persuasive principles with user profiles in order to give personalised eco-feedback for each different user type. Insights on the inclusion of user diversity on the Design for Sustainable Behaviour (DfSB) theories are provided after conducting qualitative research to evaluate the relationship between users and the designed interactive coaster.}, author = {Irizar-Arrieta, Ane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Retegi, Aiur}, year = {2018}, keywords = {Internet of Things, Persuasive Technology, Sustainable behaviour change, Tangible Interfaces, User diversity} }']

[u' @inproceedings{frantz_schneider_towards_2018, address = {Toronto, ON, Canada}, series = {{EPiC} {Series} in {Computing}}, title = {Towards a sustainable business model for smartphones: {Combining} product-service systems with modularity}, volume = {52}, url = {https://easychair.org/publications/paper/6cCL}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.29007/djcz}, abstract = {Based on the Sustainable Development Goals introduced by the United Nations and on the circular economy concept, ICT providers are adapting to become more sustainable. Some assess the CO2 emissions in the whole life cycle, while others propose to use renewable energies during manufacturing and assembling. In contrast with the current smartphone business models that rely on ongoing patterns of production and consumption, this paper proposes a more sustainable approach by combining product modularity, Product-Service Systems (PSS), and design for attachment. With a modular design, it becomes easier to repair the product or to replace parts, allowing for an extended lifespan. In combination with PSS, we propose that the modules, when no longer used by one customer, return to the market to be reused by another one. Lastly, we discuss the impact of the users\u2019 behaviour through emotional bond, personalization, and technology appropriation as predictors of attachment to the product and consequently an extended lifespan. Through comparing case studies and using Life Cycle Assessment to calculate the CO2 equivalent emissions, we argue that our approach would directly reduce the environmental impact of the smartphone on the production phase, which accounts for most of the emissions throughout its life cycle.}, booktitle = {5th {International} {Conference} on {Information} and {Communication} {Technology} for {Sustainability}}, publisher = {Easychair}, author = {Frantz Schneider, Alice and Matinfar, Sepideh and Grua, Eoin M. and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Cordewener, Lars}, month = oct, year = {2018}, pages = {82--99} }']

[u' @inproceedings{casado-mansilla_design-insights_2018, address = {Bilbao, Spain}, title = {Design-insights for {Devising} {Persuasive} {IoT} {Devices} for {Sustainability} in the {Workplace}}, isbn = {978-1-5386-6451-3}, doi = {10.1109/GIOTS.2018.8534578}, abstract = {Sustainable HCI scholars have shown a growing interest in augmenting with technology everyday devices for promoting energy conservation behaviors in different contexts of use. The workspace has not been sufficiently explored as space where everyday appliances and work equipment might be converted into persuasive devices which raise eco-awareness. In this paper, we present the design of persuasive IoT devices that help to promote energy-efficient behaviour change in the workplace. This approach issued by applying Grounded Theory analysis over qualitative data collected at ten focus groups sessions after running a one year study where participants were treated to different persuasive strategies. With these data, five design categories emerged to be taken into account in the conception phase when devising tangible objects that aim to form pro-environmental behaviour change at workplaces. Our design-insights are also derived from an evaluation of the literature on ambient devices that encourage energy-efficient practices.}, booktitle = {2018 {Global} {Internet} of {Things} {Summit} ({GIoTS})}, publisher = {IEEE}, author = {Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Irizar-Arrieta, Ane and Garaizar, Pablo and Lopez de Ipi\xf1a, Di}, year = {2018} }']

[u" @inproceedings{gomez-carmona_towards_2018, address = {New York, NY, USA}, title = {Towards {Healthy} {Office} {Environments}: {A} worker-centric {Internet} of {Things} {Approach}}, isbn = {978-1-63190-163-8}, doi = {10.4108/eai.20-4-2018.2276414}, abstract = {Health promotion in the workplace is one of the main challenges that the World Health Organization (WHO) has set in its agenda for the 21st century. Motivated by this concern, many companies have reacted launching awareness campaigns and wellness promotion programs that often encounter lack of adherence or follow-up by the target audience. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and the emerging paradigm of the Internet of Things (IoT) can play a mediating role between the campaign's proposers and the employees to increase their motivation to stick and prevent early dropouts. Hence, this PhD work presents a participatory worker-centric concept for enhancing individuals' wellbeing in office environments. The approach seeks to stress the importance of empowering workers to control their own wellbeing and self-care, turning work environments into succeeding confident settings to persuade and motivate end-users to attain health related changes in the mid and long-term.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th {EAI} {International} {Conference} on {Pervasive} {Computing} {Technologies} for {Healthcare} \u2013 {Demos}, {Posters}, {Doctoral} {Colloquium}}, author = {G\xf3mez-Carmona, Oihane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Garc\xeda-Zubia, Javier}, month = may, year = {2018}, keywords = {Intelligent Environments, Internet of Things, Participatory Sensing, Wellness Promotion, workplace} }"]

[u" @inproceedings{iglesias-urkia_validation_2018, address = {Turin, Italy}, title = {Validation of a {CoAP} to {IEC} 61850 {Mapping} and {Benchmarking} vs {HTTP}-{REST} and {WS}-{SOAP}}, isbn = {978-1-5386-7108-5}, doi = {10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502624}, abstract = {With the advent of Smart Grid systems, the digitalization of electrical grid infrastructures aims to improve energy saving and efficiency. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is one of the organizations that create and manage norms and standards in areas related to electricity and electronics, such as IEC 61850. In recent years, the research community have proposed mappings of different communication protocols to IEC 61850. However, most of the proposals focused on heavyweight interaction paradigms and protocols such as Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA), Data Distribution Service (DDS), HTTP-REST or Web Services. With the proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT), new lightweight protocols are appearing opening new perspectives to the standard. Hence, this paper firstly presents a validation of a mapping of the IEC 61850 standard to the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) and then compares its performance implementing the IEC's mapping against HTTP-REST and Web Services/SOAP. For comparison purposes, the communication latency, the number of total bytes sent, and the size of the overhead are presented for each of the three approaches. To conclude, future perspectives on the suitability of lightweight protocols to the IEC 61850 are provided.}, booktitle = {2018 {IEEE} 23rd {International} {Conference} on {Emerging} {Technologies} and {Factory} {Automation} ({ETFA})}, publisher = {IEEE}, author = {Iglesias-Urkia, Markel and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Mayer, Simon and Urbieta, Aitor}, year = {2018} }"]

[u' @article{irizar-arrieta_evaluation_2018, title = {{EVALUATION} {OF} {A} {DIGITAL} {INTERFACE} {THAT} {INTEGRATES} {USER} {DIVERSITY} {TO} {AWARE} {INDIVIDUALS} {ABOUT} {ENERGY}}, volume = {13}, issn = {1646-3692}, abstract = {Human factors play a key role on the improvement of energy efficiency at the workplace. Hence, they should be taken into account. Literature on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) has demonstrated that \u2018one-size-fits-all\u2019 solutions fail addressing the user diversity in office environments. Therefore, this paper exposes how User Centered Design (UCD) and User Experience (UX) can act as pivotal tools to enhance user engagement in digital interfaces that promote sustainable behaviour at work. To accomplish this goal, a digital interface that offers a range of strategies and functions directed to different user archetypes has been designed and evaluated both quantitatively and qualitatively. Analysed data revealed the importance of the UX to design positive interactions which is a predictor of future system usage and engagement. The diversity of users and the impact of UCD on the Design for Sustainable Behaviour are discussed. Besides, future iterations of the design of a digital system that adapts dynamically to user profiles are proposed.}, number = {1}, journal = {IADIS International Journal on Computer Science and Information Systems}, author = {Irizar-Arrieta, Ane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Retegi, Aiur}, month = aug, year = {2018}, keywords = {Design for Sustainable Behaviour, Interaction Design, Interface Design, Sustainability, User Centered Design, User Experience}, pages = {110--124} }']

[u' @inproceedings{iglesias-urkia_iec_2017, address = {Linz, Austria}, title = {{IEC} 61850 meets {CoAP}: {Towards} the integration of {Smart} {Grids} and {IoT} standards}, url = {https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3131545}, doi = {10.1145/3131542.3131545}, abstract = {Smart Grids are one of the main consequences of the digitalization of electrical grid infrastructures that aim to improve energy saving and efficiency. Within Smart Grids, different devices and electrical substations communicate with each other and need to be accessible from the outside. Thus, the need of embracing standards, such as those of International Electrotechnical Commission\u2019s (IEC), is pivotal. IEC 61850 is a standard that covers such a need, and different communication protocols have been proposed to fulfill the features that the standard proposes. Most proposals focus on heavyweight protocols. However, the growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) demands resource-constrained devices to also participate in IoT networks. In this regard, new protocols have been designed and developed, such as the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP). The work presented in this paper adopts CoAP to provide a full mapping of the functionalities specified in IEC 61850 for electrical substations. Furthermore, an analytical and critical review of the already proposed mapping approaches is provided. Future lines of research towards accelerating the adoption of IoT and Web of Things standards in Smart Grid scenarios are also provided.}, language = {English}, publisher = {ACM New York, NY, USA}, author = {Iglesias-Urkia, Markel and Urbieta, Aitor and Parra, Jorge and Casado-Mansilla, Diego}, month = oct, year = {2017}, keywords = {CoAP, IEC 61850, IoT, Mapping, Smart grids, Web of Things, energy} }']

[u' @inproceedings{irizar-arrieta_coping_2017, address = {Lisbon (Portugal)}, title = {Coping with user diversity: {UX} informs the design of a digital interface that encourages sustainable behaviour}, abstract = {Human factors play a key role on the improvement of energy efficiency at the workplace. However, to mitigate this recurrent issue most of the approaches rely on \u2018one-size-fits-all\u2019 solutions which the literature on HCI evidenced that ails addressing the user diversity in office environments. Therefore, this paper emphasises on the relevance of boosting the User Centered Design (UCD) and enriching the User Experience (UX) as pivotal means to enhance the user engagement on digital interfaces that promote sustainable behaviour at work. To accomplish this goal, a digital interface that offers a range of strategies and functions directed to the different user archetypes (user diversity) has been designed and evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively. The analysed data shed light on the relevance of enhance the UX to design positive interactions which is a predictor of future system usage and engagement. The diversity of users and the impact of the UCD on the Design for Sustainable Behaviour are discussed throughout the paper. Besides, we propose future lines of work on designing digital systems able to adapt dynamically to user profiles during its usage.}, booktitle = {11th {Multi} {Conference} on {Computer} {Science} and {Information} {Systems} 2017}, author = {Irizar-Arrieta, Ane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego}, month = jul, year = {2017}, keywords = {Design for Sustainable Behaviour, Interaction Design, Interface Design, Sustainability, User Centered Design,, User Experience} }']

[u' @inproceedings{casado-mansilla_greensoul:_2017, address = {Pennsylvania, USA}, title = {{GreenSoul}: {An} {IoT} platform for empowering users\u2019 energy efficiency in public buildings}, isbn = {978-3-319-67584-8 978-3-319-67585-5}, shorttitle = {Ucami2017}, abstract = {The GreenSoul (GS) framework aims to provide a low-cost energy-efficient Information and Communications Technology (ICT) platform which seamlessly augments a traditional public-use building with a set of assets (apps, interactive interfaces, device adaptors, smart meters and a Decision Support Engine), which mediate in the interactions of users with their environments and the energy consuming devices or systems present in them. GreenSoul envisions public use buildings as ecosystems of GreenSoul-ed devices which cooperate with other devices, standard Smart Meters and, very importantly, with eco-educated and eco-aware users to minimize the unnecessary energy consumption. GS architecture is supported by a socio-economic behavioural model, which aids on behaviour understanding to turn energy consuming devices into active pro-sustainability agents that manifest to their surrounding users how well or badly they are being manipulated (energy-wise), offer tips about how to use them more efficiently and even adapt their own functioning to avoid energy waste.}, publisher = {LNCS}, author = {Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Mochos, I. and Kamara-Esteban, Oihane and Tsolakis, A. and Borges, Cruz E. and Krinidis, Stelios and L\xf3pez-De-Ipi\xf1a, Diego and Tzovaras, D.}, month = jul, year = {2017}, keywords = {Forecasting, GreenSoul, H2020, Persuasive Technology, architecture, energy efficiency}, pages = {703--714} }']

[u' @inproceedings{gomez-carmona_smiwork:_2017, address = {Split}, title = {{SmiWork}: {An} {Interactive} {Smart} {Mirror} {Platform} for {Workplace} {Health} {Promotion}}, abstract = {This paper presents the design and implementation of a multi-user smart mirror system conceived to promote wellness and healthier lifestyles in the work environment through persuasive strategies. By means of a RFID reader, the interactive mirror recognises different users through their personal corporate ID card, which allows them to have access to their personalised user-interface. The smart mirror provides workplace\u2019s indoor environmental conditions (thermal, humidity and light), personal physical exercise data obtained from wearable devices and general purpose information (e.g. weather and daily news). Additionally, motivational advice related to physical performance is supplied through request by applying speech-based recognition techniques. End-users can also inquire the mirror about their ranking position in a fair-daily competition that gives social recognition to the most-active-user. The implemented mirror has been evaluated in a one-week study conducted in the wild in the workplace premises. The quantitative data gathered throughout the study, as well as the qualitative users\u2019 feedback obtained in a post-trial focus group, provided promising findings for the acceptance and convenience of such a persuasive device in the work environment. Furthermore, valuable design-insights were obtained for future iterations of the smart mirror that encourages workers towards healthier lifestyles.}, booktitle = {2nd {International} {Multidisciplinary} {Conference} on {Computer} and {Energy} {Science}}, author = {G\xf3mez-Carmona, Oihane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego}, month = jul, year = {2017}, keywords = {E-Health, Intelligent Environments, Internet of Things, Smart Everyday Objects, Wellness Promotion, smiwork-an-interactive-smart-mirror-platform-for-workplace-health-promotion} }']

[u' @inproceedings{apostolou_g_greensoul_2016, title = {{GreenSoul}\u2217 a novel platform for the reduction of energy consumption in communal and shared spaces}, isbn = {978-1-5090-0749-3}, url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7748783/?reload=true}, doi = {10.1109/EFEA.2016.7748783}, abstract = {In order to achieve higher energy efficiency in buildings, it is essential that devices be consciously used. The GreenSoul project aims to build energy awareness to users and help them change their energy consumption behavior. This will be succeeded by changing the way people use energy consuming devices and by embedding intelligence in the devices themselves, which could autonomously decide about their operation mode and energy consumption. GreenSoul research and innovation focus on the reduction of the energy consumption above 20\\%, within the domain of public buildings or buildings of public use. GreenSoul forecasts that it is possible to surpass this target providing that a true collaboration among people, devices and buildings is achieved by putting in place the range of technological contributions set forward by this project.}, publisher = {IEEE}, author = {{Apostolou, G} and {Krinidis, S} and {Ioannidis, D} and {Tzovaras, D} and {Borges, CE} and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, month = sep, year = {2016}, note = {00000}, keywords = {Eco-aware Everyday Things, Energy-efficiency, Forecasting, GreenSoul, Persuasive Technology} }']

[u" @inproceedings{casado-mansilla_close_2015, address = {Seoul, Republic of Korea}, title = {'{Close} the {Loop}': {An} {iBeacon} {App} to {Foster} {Recycling} {Through} {Just}-in-{Time} {Feedback}}, isbn = {978-1-4503-3146-3}, shorttitle = {'{Close} the {Loop}'}, url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=2702613.2732861}, doi = {10.1145/2702613.2732861}, abstract = {Contemporary micro-location technologies such as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) show promise in enabling new experiences when interacting with physical spaces. An emerging BLE technology is iBeacons, with the retail sector pioneering their use to enhance shopping experiences. There is scope for the HCI sustainability community to explore the use of iBeacons to raise awareness around sustainability issues, particularly in public and communal spaces. This work presents embryonic research exploring the design of a prototype iBeacon-based sustainability application called 'Close-the-Loop'. The application builds on previous sustainability and just-in-time feedback research to encourage end-users to engage in recycling behaviours in a large university canteen space. Findings from a focus group and short ethnographic study provide design insights to further develop the prototype to increase engagement with appropriate recycling practices.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2015-04-23TZ}, publisher = {ACM Press}, author = {Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Foster, Derek and Lawson, Shaun and Garaizar, Pablo and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, year = {2015}, note = {00000}, keywords = {Behaviour change, Just-in-time feedback, Micro-location technologies, Nudging, Recycling, Sustainability, iBeacons}, pages = {1495--1500} }"]

[u" @article{casado-mansilla_embedding_2015, title = {Embedding {Intelligent} {Eco}-aware {Systems} within {Everyday} {Things} to {Increase} {People}\u2019s {Energy} {Awareness}}, volume = {20}, issn = {1432-7643}, doi = {10.1007/s00500-015-1751-0}, abstract = {There is a lack of energy consumption awareness in working spaces. People in their workplaces do not receive energy consumption feedback nor do they pay a monthly invoice to electricity providers. In order to enhance workers' energy awareness, we have transformed everyday shared electrical appliances which are placed in common spaces (e.g. beamer projectors, coffee-makers, printers, screens, portable fans, kettles, and so on.) into persuasive eco-aware everyday things. The proposed approach lets these appliances report their usage patterns to a Cloud-server where the data is transformed into time-series and then processed to obtain the appliances' next-week usage forecast. Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model has been selected as the potentially most accurate method for processing such usage predictions when compared with the performance exhibited by three different configurations of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Our major contribution is the application of soft computing techniques to the field of sustainable persuasive technologies. Thus, consumption predictions are used to trigger timely persuasive interactions to help devices users to operate the appliances as efficiently, energy-wise, as possible. Qualitative and quantitative results were gathered in a between-three-groups study related with the use of shared electrical coffee-makers at workplace. The goal of these studies was to assess the effectiveness of the proposed eco-aware design in a workplace environment in terms of energy saving and the degree of affiliation between people and the smart appliances to create a green-team relationship.}, language = {English}, number = {5}, journal = {Soft Computing Journal. Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, author = {Casado-Mansilla, Diego and {L\xf3pez-de-Armentia, Juan} and {Ventura, Daniela} and {Garaizar, Pablo} and {L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}}, month = jun, year = {2015}, keywords = {ANN, ARIMA Models, Eco-aware Everyday Things, Persuasive Technology, Q2, Soft Computing, eco-awareness, eco-feedback, energy efficiency, hci, jcr1.630, linked-data-social-coffee-maker}, pages = {1695--1711} }"]

[u' @article{lopez-de-armentia_making_2014, title = {Making social networks a means to save energy}, issn = {1084-8045}, shorttitle = {{JNCA}}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1084804514002276}, doi = {10.1016/j.jnca.2014.09.020}, abstract = {Energy consumption in the world has increased significantly in the last few decades, becoming an important issue nowadays. The eco-aware everyday things were devised to prevent the waste of energy resources in common areas where people often elude their responsibility about the energy consumption when using appliances of collective use, like printers, coffee makers, beamers and so on. These eco-appliances are able to improve their energy efficiency dynamically adapting their operation according to their usage patterns. This work proposes a further step, also aligned with devices\u05f3 automation, where everyday consumer devices are transformed into collaborative eco-aware everyday things. Taking advantage of the evolution of the Internet towards the Internet of Things and the Web as a universal communication mechanism both among humans-to-things and things-to-things, it is proposed to use Twitter as a communication channel for eco-aware appliances to share their usage patterns. Thus, other newly deployed similar devices in comparable environments can alleviate the cold-start problem, which is common in scenarios where usage learning is needed. To assess the effectiveness of this approach, a collaboration between three of these eco-aware devices has been simulated, giving place, encouragingly, to a higher energy reduction efficiency when compared with non-collaborative objects.}, urldate = {2015-01-07TZ}, journal = {Journal of Network and Computer Applications}, author = {L\xf3pez-de-Armentia, Juan and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, month = oct, year = {2014}, note = {00000}, keywords = {Coffee machines, Collaborative eco-aware everyday things, Eco-aware everyday things, JCR1.772, Predictive models, Q1, Smart Everyday Objects, energy-efficiency, linked-data-social-coffee-maker, social devices} }']

[u' @article{lopez-de-armentia_reducing_2014, title = {Reducing energy waste through eco-aware everyday things}, volume = {10}, issn = {1574-017x}, url = {http://www.hindawi.com/journals/misy/2014/956135/abs/}, doi = {10.3233/MIS-130172}, abstract = {Society wastes much more energy than it should. This produces tons of unnecessary CO\\_2 emissions. This is partly due to the inadequate use of electrical devices given the intangible and invisible nature of energy. This misuse of devices and energy unawareness is particularly relevant in public spaces (offices, schools, hospitals and so on), where people use electrical appliances, but they do not directly pay the invoice to energy providers. Embedding intelligence within public, shared appliances, transforming them into Eco-aware things, is valuable to reduce a proportion of the unnecessarily consumed energy. To this end, we present a twofold approach for better energy efficiency in public spaces: 1) informing persuasively to concerned users about the misuse of electronic appliances; 2) Customizing the operating mode of this everyday electrical appliances as a function of their real usage pattern. To back this approach, a capsule-based coffee machine placed in a research laboratory has been augmented. This device is able to continuously collect its usage pattern to offer feedback to coffee consumers about the energy wasting and also, to intelligently adapt its operation to reduce wasted energy. To this aim, several machine learning approaches are compared and evaluated to forecast the next-day device usage.}, number = {1}, journal = {Mobile Information Systems. IOS Press}, author = {L\xf3pez-de-Armentia, Juan and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez-P\xe9rez, Sergio and L\xf3pez-De-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, month = jan, year = {2014}, keywords = {Coffee Machines, Eco-aware Everyday Things, Energy-efficiency, JCR1.789, Predictive Models, Q1, Smart Everyday Objects, Sustainability, eco-awareness, linked-data-social-coffee-maker, social devices}, pages = {79--103} }']

[u' @inproceedings{casado-mansilla_switch_2014, address = {Toronto, ON, Canada}, title = {To switch off the coffee-maker or not: that is the question to be energy-efficient at work}, copyright = {Copyright is held by the author/owner(s).}, isbn = {978-1-4503-2474-8}, shorttitle = {To switch off the coffee-maker or not}, url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=2559206.2581152}, doi = {10.1145/2559206.2581152}, abstract = {There are some barriers to reduce energy consumption in shared spaces where many people use common electronic devices (e.g. dilution of responsibility, the trade-off between comfort and necessity, absentmindedness, or the lack of support to foster energy-efficiency). The workplace is a challenging scenario since the economic incentives are not present to increase energy awareness. To tackle some of these issues we have augmented a shared coffee-maker with eco-feedback to turn it into a green ally of the workers. Its design rationale is twofold: Firstly, to make the coffee-maker able to learn its own usage pattern. Secondly, to communicate persuasively and in real-time to users whether it is more efficient to leave the appliance on or off during certain periods of time along the workday. The goal is to explore a human-machine team towards energy efficiency and awareness, i.e. whether giving the initiative to users to decide how to operate the common appliances, but being assisted by them, is a better choice than automation or mere informative eco-feedback.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2014-05-08TZ}, booktitle = {Extended {Abstracts} on {Human} {Factors} in {Computing} {Systems} ({CHI} 2014)}, publisher = {ACM New York, NY, USA \xa92014}, author = {Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Lopez-de-Armentia, Juan and Garaizar, Pablo and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, year = {2014}, keywords = {Eco-aware Everyday Things, Energy-efficiency, Persuasive Technology, Sustainability, eco-feedback, linked-data-social-coffee-maker}, pages = {2425--2430} }']

[u' @incollection{hervas_ariima:_2014, address = {Cham}, title = {{ARIIMA}: {A} {Real} {IoT} {Implementation} of a {Machine}-{Learning} {Architecture} for {Reducing} {Energy} {Consumption}}, volume = {8867}, isbn = {978-3-319-13101-6 978-3-319-13102-3}, shorttitle = {{ARIIMA}}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-13102-3_72}, abstract = {As the inclusion of more devices and appliances within the IoT ecosystem increases, methodologies for lowering their energy consumption impact are appearing. On this field, we contribute with the implementation of a RESTful infrastructure that gives support to Internet-connected appliances to reduce their energy waste in an intelligent fashion. Our work is focused on coffee machines located in common spaces where people usually do not care on saving energy, e.g. the workplace. The proposed approach lets these kind of appliances report their usage patterns and to process their data in the Cloud through ARIMA predictive models. The aim such prediction is that the appliances get back their next-week usage forecast in order to operate autonomously as efficient as possible. The underlying distributed architecture design and implementation rationale is discussed in this paper, together with the strategy followed to get an accurate prediction matching with the real data retrieved by four coffee machines.}, urldate = {2015-04-23TZ}, booktitle = {Ubiquitous {Computing} and {Ambient} {Intelligence}. {Personalisation} and {User} {Adapted} {Services}}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, author = {Ventura, Daniela and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez-de-Armentia, Juan and Garaizar, Pablo and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego and Catania, Vincenzo}, editor = {Herv\xe1s, Ram\xf3n and Lee, Sungyoung and Nugent, Chris and Bravo, Jos\xe9}, year = {2014}, note = {00000}, keywords = {ARIMA Models, Eco-aware Everyday Things, Forecasting, Internet of Things, energy efficiency, linked-data-social-coffee-maker}, pages = {444--451} }']

[u' @inproceedings{casado-mansilla_team_2014, address = {Birmingham, UK}, title = {Team up with {Eco}-aware {Everyday} {Things} to {Green} your {Workplace}!}, isbn = {978-1-4799-4331-9}, doi = {10.1109/IMIS.2014.55}, abstract = {The lack of energy consumption awareness in public spaces is a fact. There, people do not receive energy consumption feedback nor do they pay a monthly invoice to electricity providers. Thus, there is practically a non-existent perception of energy waste; and hence, there is low motivation to reduce it. To tackle this problem we transform everyday shared electrical appliances which are placed in common spaces into collaborative eco-aware everyday things. These eco-appliances make people aware that they are not alone to save energy, but the everyday things can team up with them to achieve this task. Qualitative and quantitative results were gathered in three case studies performed with shared coffee machines at workplace. The objective was to assess the effectiveness of the proposed eco-aware design in terms of energy saving and the degree of affiliation between workers and the smart appliance to create a green-team relationship.}, booktitle = {Eighth {International} {Conference} on {Innovative} {Mobile} and {Internet} {Services} in {Ubiquitous} {Computing}}, publisher = {IEEE Xplore}, author = {Casado-Mansilla, Diego and {L\xf3pez-de-Armentia, Juan} and {Pablo Garaizar} and {L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}}, year = {2014}, keywords = {Eco-aware Everyday Things, Energy-efficiency, Persuasive Technology, Sustainability, eco-awareness, eco-feedback, hci, linked-data-social-coffee-maker, social devices}, pages = {409--414} }']

[u' @inproceedings{lopez-de-armentia_saving_2013, address = {Taichung, Taiwan}, title = {Saving {Energy} through {Collaborative} {Eco}-aware {Everyday} {Things}}, isbn = {978-0-7695-4974-3}, url = {http://ieee.164288.com/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?reload=true&arnumber=6603721}, doi = {10.1109/IMIS.2013.88}, abstract = {The reduction of energy waste in any of its forms and everywhere is a major challenge of our society. An important proportion of such waste is due to the misuse of consumer appliances of shared use in public areas (computers, printers, coffee makers,...}, language = {English}, urldate = {2013-09-20TZ}, booktitle = {The {Seventh} {International} {Conference} on {Innovative} {Mobile} and {Internet} {Services} in {Ubiquitous} {Computing}}, publisher = {IEEE Xplore}, author = {L\xf3pez-de-Armentia, Juan and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, month = jul, year = {2013}, keywords = {Coffee Machines, Eco-aware Everyday Things, Energy-efficiency, Predictive Models, Smart Everyday Objects, eco-awareness, linked-data-social-coffee-maker, smart, social devices}, pages = {489 -- 493} }']

[u" @inproceedings{lopez-de-armentia_fighting_2012, address = {Palermo, Italy}, title = {Fighting against {Vampire} {Appliances} through {Eco}-{Aware} {Things}}, isbn = {978-1-4673-1328-5}, url = {http://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings/imis/2012/4684/00/4684a868-abs.html}, doi = {10.1109/IMIS.2012.112}, abstract = {This paper provides an overview of how Internet connected objects can lead to a social change towards energy efficiency in areas where people inhabit (cities, buildings or homes). For this aim it is proposed the use of social networks, like Twitter, as an interaction and communication channel between smart objects and human beings. The presented work demonstrates, by means of an experiment, how an augmented everyday object, i.e. a capsule-based coffee machine, may help to reduce the unnecessary consumed energy in electric appliances. The paper opens the discussion of the promising potential of combining people and future smart everyday objects teaming up to promote a more sustainable behaviour on the planet's behalf.}, booktitle = {The {Sixth} {International} {Conference} on {Innovative} {Mobile} and {Internet} {Services} in {Ubiquitous} {Computing}}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, author = {L\xf3pez-de-Armentia, Juan and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, year = {2012}, keywords = {arduino, eco-awareness, energy-efficiency, linked-data-social-coffee-maker, persuasive technology, smart everyday objects, social coffee, social devices, twitter}, pages = {868--873} }"]

[u" @inproceedings{vega-barbas_smart_2012, address = {Washington, DC, USA}, series = {{IMIS} '12}, title = {Smart {Spaces} and {Smart} {Objects} {Interoperability} {Architecture} ({S}3OiA)}, isbn = {978-0-7695-4684-1}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IMIS.2012.99}, doi = {10.1109/IMIS.2012.99}, abstract = {The presented work aims to contribute towards the standardization and the interoperability off the Future Internet through an open and scalable architecture design. We present S3OiA as a syntactic/semantic Service-Oriented Architecture that allows the integration of any type of object or device, not mattering their nature, on the Internet of Things. Moreover, the architecture makes possible the use of underlying heterogeneous resources as a substrate for the automatic composition of complex applications through a semantic Triple Space paradigm. Created applications are dynamic and adaptive since they are able to evolve depending on the context where they are executed. The validation scenario of this architecture encompasses areas which are prone to involve human beings in order to promote personal autonomy, such as home-care automation environments and Ambient Assisted Living.}, urldate = {2013-09-23TZ}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2012 {Sixth} {International} {Conference} on {Innovative} {Mobile} and {Internet} {Services} in {Ubiquitous} {Computing}}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, author = {Vega-Barbas, Mario and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Valero, Miguel A. and Lopez-de-Ipina, Diego and Bravo, Jose and Florez, Francisco}, year = {2012}, keywords = {Ambient Assisted Living, Internet of Things, Interoperability, Smart Everyday Object, personal autonomy}, pages = {725--730} }"]

[u" @inproceedings{klein_detection_2012, address = {Berlin, Heidelberg}, series = {{UCAmI}'12}, title = {Detection and extracting of emergency knowledge from twitter streams}, isbn = {978-3-642-35376-5}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35377-2_64}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-35377-2_64}, abstract = {Increasingly, more important information is being shared through Twitter. New opportunities arise to use this tool to detect emergencies and extract crucial information about the scope and nature of that event. A major challenge for the extraction of emergency event information from Twitter is represented by the unstructured and noisy nature of tweets. Within the SABESS project we propose a combined structural and content based analysis approach. We use social network analysis to identify reliable tweets and content analysis techniques to summarize key emergency facts.}, urldate = {2013-09-23TZ}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 6th international conference on {Ubiquitous} {Computing} and {Ambient} {Intelligence}}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, author = {Klein, Bernhard and Laiseca, Xabier and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego and Nespral, Alejandro Prada}, year = {2012}, keywords = {Twitter, emergency detection, natural language processing, sabess, social network analysis}, pages = {462--469} }"]

[u" @inproceedings{casado-mansilla_will_2012, address = {Berlin, Heidelberg}, series = {{UCAmI}'12}, title = {Will eco-aware objects help to save the world?}, isbn = {978-3-642-35376-5}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35377-2_3}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-35377-2_3}, abstract = {Our society waste more energy than they should. This is mostly due to the inadequate use that human beings perform on electrical devices. The presented paper aims to justify that embedding intelligence within everyday objects is valuable to reduce the portion of unnecessary consumed energy which is due to human misusing. To such extend, we have augmented a capsule-based coffee machine which is placed in a work office to back our assumptions. Using this device we have devised an energy saving model that takes into consideration features like how and when workers use the appliance along the day. Additionally, we have simulated the model to demonstrate, through error metric comparison (measured in {\\textless}Literal{\\textgreater}KWh{\\textless}/Literal{\\textgreater} ), that a big amount of energy would be reduced if such intelligent systems were applied when compared with a baseline approach. Therefore, this paper contributes with a set of early, but promising, findings regarding how smart eco-aware objects can help to save energy in areas where people inhabit (cities, buildings or homes).}, urldate = {2013-09-23TZ}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 6th international conference on {Ubiquitous} {Computing} and {Ambient} {Intelligence}}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, author = {Casado-Mansilla, Diego and L\xf3pez-de-Armentia, Juan and L\xf3pez-de-Ipi\xf1a, Diego}, year = {2012}, note = {00001}, keywords = {eco-awareness, energy-efficiency, linked-data-social-coffee-maker, smart everyday objects}, pages = {17--24} }"]

[u' @inproceedings{desraches_forecasting_2018, address = {Madeira}, title = {Forecasting the usage of appliances of shared use: an analysis of simplicity over complexity}, isbn = {978-1-5386-8091-9}, doi = {10.1109/ES2DE.2018.8494230}, abstract = {The current revolution of the Internet of Things around the world goes far beyond the goal of simply interconnecting devices and retrieving data from them. New challenges are appearing in relation to the data-flow architectures where Cloud-based initiatives are declining over the Edge computing paradigm. In this latter approach, the resources (i.e. devices involved) are optimized by processing the data as close as possible to the source of them. However, constrained devices still struggle embedding the computation that servers carry out in the Cloud. The case of load and devices usage forecasting is a particular example of this issue where efforts are being made to simplify the processing and device architecture towards reducing energy consumption in data flow and computation. The presented research focuses on the analysis of four typical forecasting models with different levels of complexity that predict the usage of several electrical coffee machines of shared use in office buildings. The results obtained draw on shedding light on the feasibility of embedding simple yet accurate probabilistic models on constrained devices with the aim of saving energy and costs on network infrastructure.}, booktitle = {2018 {Energy} and {Sustainability} for {Small} {Developing} {Economies} ({ES}2DE)}, publisher = {IEEE}, author = {Desraches, Florian and Kamara-Esteban, Oihane and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Borges, Cruz E.}, month = jul, year = {2018} }']