Validation of a CoAP to IEC 61850 Mapping and Benchmarking vs HTTP-REST and WS-SOAP

Abstract

With the advent of Smart Grid systems, the digitalization of electrical grid infrastructures aims to improve energy saving and efficiency. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is one of the organizations that create and manage norms and standards in areas related to electricity and electronics, such as IEC 61850. In recent years, the research community have proposed mappings of different communication protocols to IEC 61850. However, most of the proposals focused on heavyweight interaction paradigms and protocols such as Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA), Data Distribution Service (DDS), HTTP-REST or Web Services. With the proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT), new lightweight protocols are appearing opening new perspectives to the standard. Hence, this paper firstly presents a validation of a mapping of the IEC 61850 standard to the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) and then compares its performance implementing the IEC's mapping against HTTP-REST and Web Services/SOAP. For comparison purposes, the communication latency, the number of total bytes sent, and the size of the overhead are presented for each of the three approaches. To conclude, future perspectives on the suitability of lightweight protocols to the IEC 61850 are provided.